Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are formed by mobile nodes without the support of fixed infrastructure. In the MANET, each node performs as a host as well as host to forward the data packets. The nodes are adjustable based on the local environments. MANETs are used in many situations where temporary network connection is needed. In this paper, investigates the problem of lifetime enhancement of...

This paper addresses the networking issues of an ongoing project that evaluates the feasibility of a system consisting of a large constellation of low-earth-orbit (LEO) Laser Communication Satellites (LCS). Due to the strict payload constraints imposed by the LCS technology, we propose a lightweight, link-layer, source-based routing protocol that will extend the LEO infrastructure to the fast g...

This article provides an overview of fixed broadband wireless access technology. Focusing on the band below 3 GHz, we describe BWA service and carrier needs, deployment scenarios, architectural requirements, physical layer, medium access control, and radio link protocol requirements. We characterize fixed BWA channels, outline the major challenges of fixed BWA, and study requirements for future...

Wireless mesh networks is a type of mobile ad-hoc networks. In WMNs, all nodes are static or related with fixed position. WMNs have a default routing protocol, hybrid wireless mesh protocol, which is root constrained and tree-based proactive routing protocol. During reactive routing, it always initiates with PREQ broadcasting message. However, problems exist in this routing protocol, such as la...

Distributed-memory parallel computers and networks of workstations (NOWs) both rely on efficient communication over increasingly high-speed networks. Software communication protocols— from flow-control and reliable delivery to multicasting and coherent distributed shared memory— are often the performance bottleneck. Several current and proposed parallel systems—e.g., the Intel Paragon—address t...

Broadcasting protocols offer an efficient and scalable method to provide video-on-demand. We present a new broadcasting protocol that assumes that some portions of the video are already preloaded in the set-top-box (STB), and at the same time, requires the user to wait for a fixed-delay before viewing. As a result, there is a trade-off between the size of the consumed local storage, user waitin...

! " #$ % &'( ()*+, Abstract. This paper presents a meta protocol that allows the replacement of replication control protocols in mobile replicated databases. The meta protocol is motivated by the adaptability requirements of mobile database systems but can also be used on replicated databases with fixed nodes. The paper defines three properties that meta protocol executions have to enforce and ...

The purpose of this study was to identify the anatomic structures of the abdominal region of cat throughcomputed tomography (CT) to be used by veterinary radiologists, clinicians and surgeons. The abdominalregion of four cats were scanned twice, with and without using contrast medium in a same position, usinghigh-resolution imaging protocol. Slice intervals were 11 mm and were adjusted so that ...