1 Atomization Process and Sensor Overview 2 Parameters 2 Processes 2 Mechanism 3 Heuristics 4 Summary 4 Intelligent Sensors for Atomization Process Control 4 Laser Scattering Techniques 5 Laser Diffraction Particle Analysis 5 Particle Counting, Sizing and Velocity Measurement 6 Phase/Doppler Particle Analysis 7 Imaging Techniques 9 Electrical Methods 1 o Isokinetic Sampling 1 o Prospects and Ne...

Production of coatings by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) flame jet processing of liquid precursor droplets can be an attractive alternative method to plasma processing. This article concerns modeling of the thermophysical processes in liquid ceramic precursor droplets injected into an HVOF flame jet. The model consists of several sub-models that include aerodynamic droplet break-up, heat and mas...

Microencapsulation techniques are widely applied in the field of pharmaceutical production to control drugs release in time and in physiological environments. Ultrasonic-assisted atomization is a new technique to produce microencapsulated systems by a mechanical approach. Interest in this technique is due to the advantages evidenceable (low level of mechanical stress in materials, reduced energ...

A detailed understanding of the driving mechanisms behind primary atomization is crucial to the optimization of sprays for efficient combustion in modern propulsion systems. Many challenges are associated with simulating realistic turbulent atomization, such as the multiplicity of length and time scales of the turbulent flow field and gas-liquid interface, discontinuous fluid properties and pre...

In order to discuss the atomization process of an analyte element occurring in a graphite furnace for atomic absorption spectrometry, we measured variations in the characteristic temperature with the progress of an atomization stage, by using a two-line method under the assumption of a Boltzmann distribution. For this purpose, iron was chosen as the analyte element. Also, the atomic absorption ...

A detailed chemistry-based CFD model was developed to simulate the diesel spray combustion and emission process. A reaction mechanism of n-heptane is coupled with a reduced NOx mechanism to simulate diesel fuel oxidation and NOx formation. The soot emission process is simulated by a phenomenological soot model that uses a competing formation and oxidation rate formulation. The model is applied ...

Direct measurement of lead and cadmium in blood and urine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction (D2-AAS) is prone to severe matrix and spectral interferences. We overcame these effects by coating the L'vov platform with ammonium molybdate, reducing the atomization time, introducing a post-atomization cooling step, carefully selecting ashing and at...

Constraints in Alloy, a declarative modeling language, can be translated into Boolean logic and solved with a SAT solver. Atomization is a technique for improving the performance of Alloy analyses; it exploits typing relationships in an Alloy model and produces a semantically equivalent model that can be translated into Boolean form using fewer variables, hence creating a formula that can be so...