By definition fire prone ecosystems have highly combustible plants, leading to the hypothesis, first formally stated by Mutch in 1970, that community flammability is the product of natural selection of flammable traits. However, proving the "Mutch hypothesis" has presented an enormous challenge for fire ecologists given the difficulty in establishing cause and effect between landscape fire and ...

The TEWI analysis of residential heat pumps shows that it is sensitive to refrigerant emissions and mainly dependent on the seasonal coefficient of performance of the heating unit. Otherwise for countries where electricity is mainly produced by a combination of nuclear-power and hydro-power, the direct emissions become not negligible compared to the indirect emissions. Both direct and indirect ...

Fires in the operating room continue to present a hazard to patients, at times with catastrophic and debilitating results. Recent data from closed claim files reveal oxygen, electrosurgical unit (ESU), and surgical drapes are common components of the fire triangle in the operating room. In this era of biotechnological sophistication, why are surgical drapes flammable? The purpose of this study ...

Synthetic polymeric materials are rapidly replacing more traditional inorganic materials, such as metals, and natural polymeric materials, such as wood. As these synthetic materials are flammable, they require modifications to decrease their flammability through the addition of flame-retardant compounds. Environmental regulation has restricted the use of some halogenated flame-retardant additiv...

There are many types of fabric materials used in military applications. From clothing to protective equipment, analysis mostly focused on its physical properties. Still, flammability has not been well studied, such as ease ignition, heat release, and toxicity. This paper reports the properties The ignition time, smoke production six commercially available fabrics discussed this article. analyse...