Nanometric solid inclusions in diamond incorporated in garnet and zircon from felsic gneiss of the Kokchetav massif, Kazakhstan, have been examined utilizing electron microscopy and focused ion beam techniques. Host garnet and zircon contain numerous pockets of multiple inclusions, which consist of 1–3 diamond crystals intergrown with quartz, phengite, phlogopite, albite, K-feldspar, rutile, ap...

Cell membranes are anchored to the cytoskeleton via immobile inclusions. We investigate the effect of such anchors on the in-plane dynamics of a fluid membrane and mobile inclusions (proteins) embedded in it. The immobile particles lead to a decreased diffusion coefficient of mobile ones and suppress the correlated diffusion of particle pairs. Because of the long-range, quasi-two-dimensional na...

Detection of the chemical constituents of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon-bearing fluid inclusions in diagenetic mineral cements, secondary fractures and overgrowths could be a useful indicator of the nature of oil in a basin. Microscopebased Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive, optical vibrational spectroscopic technique that can precisely isolate and analyse hydrocarbon fluid inclusions (...

Analyses of fluid inclusion gases from Mississippi Valley-type districts in east Tennessee reveal the presence of several distinct aqueous solutions and vapors that were part of the mineralizing process. Inclusion contents were released by crushing 5 to 25 mg mineral samples and by decrepitating individual inclusions; all analyses were obtained by quadrupole mass spectrometry. Most analyzed inc...

A theoretical model of a two-component fluid membrane containing lipids and two-state active inclusions is presented. This model predicts several nonequilibrium morphology transitions. (i) Active pumping of the inclusions can drive a long-wavelength undulation instability. (ii) Active excitation of the inclusions can induce aggregation of high-curvature excited inclusions. (iii) Active inclusio...

Endoliths in sandstones: Many scenarios for the colonization of planetary surfaces by microbial life involve endoliths [1, 2]. The need to avoid the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation makes colonization of the immediate sub-surface desirable, particularly at an early stage of evolution before screening pigments have been developed [3, 4]. Minimal (millimetreto sub-millimetre-scale) penet...