African societies are dependent on rainfall for agricultural and other water-dependent activities, yet rainfall is extremely variable in both space and time and reoccurring water shocks, such as drought, can have considerable social and economic impacts. To help improve our knowledge of the rainfall climate, we have constructed a 30 year (1983–2012), temporally consistent rainfall data set for ...

African societies are dependent on rainfall for agricultural and other water-dependent activities, yet rainfall is extremely variable in both space and time and reoccurring water shocks, such as drought, can have considerable social and economic impacts. To help improve our knowledge of the rainfall climate, we have constructed a 30 year (1983–2012), temporally consistent rainfall data set for ...

Rainfall is one of the most important climatic variables in the hydrology cycle. In flood estimation as well as environmental pollution studies in medium to large watersheds not only mus temporal pattern of rainfall t be known, but also the knowledge of its spatial distribution is required. Estimation of daily rainfall distribution without comparison and selection of &#10suitable methods may le...

Pore water pressure, build up by recharge of hydrosystems, is one of the main triggering factors of deep seated landslides. Effective rainfall, which is the part of the rainfall which recharges the aquifer, is a significant parameter. Soil-water balance is an accurate way to estimate effective rainfall. Nevertheless this approach requires evapo5 transpiration, soil water storage and runoff char...

Multiparameter radar measurements were made during a heavy rainfall event accompanied by hail in Colorado. Rainfall rates R and accumulation for this event were estimated using S-band specific differential phase KDP, reflectivity factor ZH, and X-band specific attenuation AH3. These estimates were compared with measurements from a ground-based rain gauge. Both R–KDP and R–AH3 relations were in ...

Two field microplot tests were conducted in sandy soil to evaluate retention of ethoprop in relation to simulated rainfall levels. Ethoprop was applied at the equivalent of 13.5 kg a.i./ha, and simulated rainfall was added at rates of 2.5, 7.5, 15.0, and 22.5 cm over a 6-day period. Ethoprop concentration in the soil at 5-, 10-, and 40-day intervals indicated that it was depleted rapidly with i...

There is much literature in the area of emergency response management systems. Even so, there is in general a lacuna of literature that deals with the issue of measuring the effectiveness of such systems. The aim of this study is to develop and validate an instrument to measure the critical factors that contribute to the efficiency of decision support in critical incident management systems (CI...