abstractin this study, the tensile force requirement, to separate the grain paddy was measured. the velocities of grain paddy it 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mm/min, and force requirement to failure stem at 100, 300, and 500 mm/min velocities was measured by using instron device. the data was analyzed using a completely randomized design. the results showed that velocity had a significant effect...

For any agency dealing with the design of the water distribution network, an economic design will be an objective. In this research, Central Force Optimization (CFO) and Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm were used to optimize Ismail Abad water Distribution network. Optimization of the network has been evaluated by developing an optimization model based on CFO and DE algorithm in MATLAB and ...

In this paper, we develop a force-reflection joystick system for VR-based simulation, including a 2-DOF joystick and the related software. The developed force-reflection joystick, as a kind of haptic device, provides two-way communication in both position and force, and is very helpful for the user to interact with a simulation system. By considering the main factors in designing a force-reflec...

Driving cycles are used for certification, for comparison of vehicles, and to an increasing extent as an engineering tool in vehicle design. A situation with only a few fixed driving cycles to use would then lead to the risk that a test or design would be tailored to details in the driving cycle instead of being representative. Due to this, and due to the increased use in the development proces...

It is well recognized that structures designed by current codes undergo large inelastic deformations during major earthquakes. However, lateral force distributions given in the seismic design codes are typically based on results of elastic response studies. In this paper, current code lateral force distributions are reviewed in view of the results obtained from nonlinear dynamic analyses of sev...

this study was carried out to determine the effect of seed growing regions and loading speed on some mechanical properties of castor seed. these properties are used to design and improve related machines such as expeller that are used for extraction of oil from castor seed. mechanical properties of castor seed were expressed in terms of rupture force and energy, bio-yield force, apparent modulu...