Loads that miss in L1 or L2 caches, and are waiting for their data at the head of the ROB, cause significant slow down in the form of commit stalls. We identify that most of these commit stalls are caused by a small set of loads, referred to as LIMCOS (Loads Incurring Majority of COmmit Stalls). We propose simple history-based classifiers that track commit stalls suffered by loads to help us id...

One major problem of the conventional solar cells is low conversion efficiency. In this work, we have proposed a new design including hemisphere texturing on top and metallic plasmonic nanostructure under the silicon layer to enhance the optical absorption inside the photosensitive layer.    The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been used to investigate the interaction of light wi...

Efficient and noninvasive generation of cavitation bubbles in soft tissue is a challenging task due to the lack of cavitation nuclei (i.e., pre-existing gas bubbles). In this study, we present a method to generate and enhance cavitation activity based on the utilization of two consecutive ultrasound waves at different frequencies. First, a high frequency (5 MHz) high intensity focused ultrasoun...

To date, researchers from various disciplines have studies leisure time; most have focused on quality of leisure activity, psychological benefits of leisure, spiritual effect, thereby neglecting the effect of social classes on features and quality of the selected place. Third place is defined as a location outside of home or work that allows for social interaction and emotional support, regardl...

The aim of this article is to analyze factors affecting sonication dose and build a dosimetry model of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation for uterine fibroids. Four hundred and three patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids who underwent HIFU were retrospectively analyzed. The energy efficiency factor (EEF) was set as dependent variable, and the factors possibly affecting sonic...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of an intravenously delivered nano-hydroxyapatite (Nano-HA) solution into a rabbit model (Oryctolagus cuniculus) to determine the potential enhancement of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in liver tissue. The present study clearly indicated that the intravenous deliv...

12 Abstract In this paper we present a framework for analyzing when and how students 13 engage in a specific form of interactive knowledge elaboration in CSCL environments: 14 broadening and deepening understanding of a space of debate. The framework is termed 15 “Rainbow,” as it comprises seven principal analytical categories, to each of which a color is 16 assigned, thus enabling informal vis...