The formal system λδ is a typed λ-calculus that pursues the unification of terms, types, environments and contexts as the main goal. λδ takes some features from the Automath-related λ-calculi and some from the pure type systems, but differs from both in that it does not include the Π construction while it provides for an abbreviation mechanism at the level of terms. λδ enjoys some important des...

Seed security is central to crop production for smallholder farmers in developing countries, but it remains understudied relation long-term seed sector development. Here, we compare systems two districts of Central Ethiopia characterized by subsistence-oriented teff cultivation and commercially oriented wheat relate this the country’s pluralistic system development strategy (PSSDS). Our analysi...

Specification Executable Specification High-Performance C Implementation Haskell Prototype Isabelle/HOL Automatic Translation

In many East African countries, women and men have different levels of access to formal markets for agricultural inputs, including seed, reflecting a combination gender norms resource constraints. As result, may participation in—and reliance upon—informal seed systems sourcing preferred planting material accessing new crop varieties over time. We use network analysis explore differences in netw...

Private sector-based seed system development remains a key intervention in Sub-Saharan Africa. Seed interventions promoting the adoption of improved varieties through private sector generally follow linear, market-oriented technological logic. A qualitative case study sorghum Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania demonstrates that this model may not be able to drive broad-scale generate significant benef...

One of the areas with greatest needs having available information at the right moment and with high accuracy is healthcare. Right information at right time saves lives. Healthcare is a vital domain which needs high processing power for high amounts of data. Due to the critical and the special characteristics of these systems, formal methods are used for specification, description and verificati...