UML is known as one of the most common methods in software engineering. Since this language is semi-formal, many researches and efforts have been performed to transform this language into formal methods including Petri nets. Thus, the operation of verification and validation of the qualitative and nonfunctional parameters could be achieved with more ability. Since the majority of the real world...

To date, research in reasoning about timing properties of real-time programs has considered specification and implementation as separate issues. Specification uses formal methods; it abstracts out program execution, defining a specification that is independent of any machine-specific details (see [I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14] for examples). In this manner, it describes only th...

The Message Scheduled System (MSS) is a composable real-time architecture that allows the extension of systems at runtime without compromising timing guarantees. In this paper, we introduce the MSS architecture and discuss its guarantees as well as the way of proving the holding of these guarantees for any system that follows the MSS architecture.

Abstract Wefelscheid (Untersuchungen über Fastkörper und Fastbereiche, Habilitationsschrift, Hamburg, 1971) generalised the well-known Theorem of Artin/Schreier about characterization formally real fields and fundamental result Baer/Krull to near-fields. In last fifty years arose from a theory, which analyses entirety orderings field (E. Becker, L. Bröcker, M. Marshall et al.), as presented e.g...

In this paper, we establish Galois theory for partial differential systems defined over formally real fields with a closed field of constants and $p$-adic $p$-adically constants. For an integrable system such field, prove that there exists (resp. $p$-adic) Picard-Vessiot extension. Moreover, obtain uniqueness result We give adequate definition the group fundamental theorem in setting. apply obt...

Hidden Markov random fields (HMRFs) are conventionally assumed to be homogeneous in the sense that the potential functions are invariant across different sites. However in some biological applications, it is desirable to make HMRFs heterogeneous, especially when there exists some background knowledge about how the potential functions vary. We formally define heterogeneous HMRFs and propose an E...

Abstract In this paper, we provide a formal explanation of symbolic execution in terms transition system and prove its correctness completeness with respect to an operational semantics which models the on concrete values.We first introduce formalmodel for basic programming languagewith statically fixed number variables. This model is extended language recursive procedures are called by call-by-...