The aim of this paper is to assess the sign and magnitude of the nonlinear effects of main socio-economic variables as well as the financial development index(measured by private credit to GDP ratio) on the environmental pollution. Specifically, the interaction of the socio-economic variables with financial development as a threshold variable in affecting CO2 emission is studied. In this respec...

In a sustainable agriculture system, application of the fertilizers which are nature friendly and suitable for plants is essential. This becomes more important when dealing with medicinal plants. Therefore, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was set up in the 2012-2013 on Nigella sativa L. Treatments were nano­fertilizer (Pharmks®) (at 2 levels ...

We demonstrate, for the first time, high-speed circuits that generate partitions on a set S of n objects. We offer two versions. In the first, partitions are produced in lexicographical order in response to successive clock pulses. In the second, an index input determines the set partition produced. Such circuits are needed in the hardware implementation of the optimum distribution of tasks to ...

By Doob’s theorem, supermartingales indexed by the natural numbers decompose into the difference of a uniformly integrable martingale and an increasing process. The relative ease of working with increasing processes rather than supermartingales explains the prominent role of this result in stochastic analysis and in the theory of stochastic integration. Meyer [19] then proved that, under the us...

Distance compatible set-labeling of a graph G is an injective setassignment f : V (G) → 2X , X a nonempty ground set, such that the corresponding induced function f⊕ : V (G)×V (G) → 2X −{∅}, defined by f⊕(u, v) = f(u) ⊕ f(v) satisfies | f⊕(u, v) |= k (u,v) d(u, v) for all distinct u, v ∈ V (G), where d(u, v) is the distance between u and v, and k (u,v) is a constant, not necessarily an integer;...

We consider quasi-martingales indexed by a linearly order set. We show that such processes are isomorphic to a given class of (finitely additive) measures. From this result we easily derive the classical theorem of Stricker as well as the decompositions of Riesz, Rao and the supermartingale decomposition of Doob and Meyer.

the purpose of this article is to test whether the stock price index of the tehran stock exchange is located in the efficeent set of portfolios or not. in this paper the mehtod introduced by elton, gruber and padberg was used to determine the efficiency of the tse stock price index. the results showed that the tse index is not located in the efficient set.