The current study describes an assessment sequence that may be used to identify individualized, effective, and preferred interventions for severe problem behavior in lieu of relying on a restricted set of treatment options that are assumed to be in the best interest of consumers. The relative effectiveness of functional communication training (FCT) with and without a punishment component was ev...

Neuroimaging techniques, such as PET and fMRI, are used to test hypotheses regarding local changes in neural activity in response to experimental manipulations. These changes are indirectly measured using raw counts or blood flow in the case of PET (Arndt et al., 1996) or susceptibility in the case of BOLD fMRI (Ogawa et al., 1993). Typically, data are acquired from the entire brain volume and ...

Hanley, Iwata, and McCord (2003) reviewed studies published through 2000 on the functional analysis (FA) of problem behavior. We update that review for 2001 through 2012, including 158 more recent studies that reported data from 445 FAs. Combined with data obtained from Hanley et al., 435 FA studies, with line graphs for 981 FAs, have been published since 1961. We comment on recent trends in FA...

We evaluated interrater agreement across multiple respondents on anecdotal assessments and compared cases in which agreement was obtained with outcomes of functional analyses. Experiment 1 evaluated agreement among multiple respondents on the function of problem behavior for 27 individuals across 42 target behaviors using the Motivation Assessment Scale (MAS) and the Questions about Behavioral ...

background: pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pnens) are increasing in the world. the annual incidence of pnets is nearly 0.25 per 100 000 population. 1-2% of pancreatic neoplasms are pnens. materials and methods: this article reviewed the available original and review literatures which had been published in persian and english in websites of google scholar, iran doc and pub med with keyword...

collective behavior is regarded as one of the main issues in contemporary political sociology, a social phenomenon that has long challenged political systems. the purpose of this paper is to study the factors affecting the tendency of the students of shiraz toward collective behavior. to explain collective behavior, we have used neil smelser’s theoretical framework and from the structural-funct...

Functional analysis has been demonstrated to be an effective method to identify environmental variables that maintain problem behavior. However, there are cases when conducting functional analyses of severe problem behavior may be contraindicated. The current study applied functional analysis procedures to a class of behavior that preceded severe problem behavior (precursor behavior) and evalua...

We evaluated the effectiveness of functional communication training (FCT) in reducing problem behavior and in strengthening alternative behavior when FCT was implemented without extinction. Following the completion of functional analyses in which social-positive reinforcement was identified as the maintaining variable for 5 participants' self-injurious behavior (SIB) and aggression, the partici...