Experimental results show that bi-layer graded cathodes exhibit higher discharge capacity with increasing C-rates compared to conventional monolayer electrodes, along an increase in energy and power density.

‎let $g$ be a group with identity $e.$ let $r$ be a $g$-graded‎ ‎commutative ring and $m$ a graded $r$-module‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we‎ ‎introduce several results concerning graded classical prime‎ ‎submodules‎. ‎for example‎, ‎we give a characterization of graded‎ ‎classical prime submodules‎. ‎also‎, ‎the relations between graded‎ ‎classical prime and graded prime submodules of $m$ are studied‎.‎

let  be a graded ring and  be a graded -module. we define a topology on graded prime spectrum  of the graded -module  which is analogous to that for , and investigate several properties of the topology.

In this paper, narrow-bandgap polymer acceptors combining a benzotriazole (BTz)-core fused-ring segment, named the PZT series, were used with high-absorption-efficiency (PBDB) compound branched 2-butyl octyl, linear n-octyl, and methyl to be utilized as graded-index (GI) active layer of solar cells (PSCs) increase photocurrent enhance efficiency compared existing PBDB-T:PZT PBDB-T:PZT-γ. additi...

A multi-scale model is proposed to investigate functionally graded (exponential or power-law grading in the radial direction) hollow cylinders (discs), with fibers, particles, or disc-shaped reinforcements, subjected to harmonic loading conditions. The stress analyses are performed by dividing the cylinders (discs) into several layers each with homogeneous properties, which are functionally gra...

A method to grow a relaxed Si0.5Ge0.5 graded layer with a very smooth surface and a very low threading dislocation density using solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy is reported. This method included the use of Sb as a surfactant for the growth of a 2 mm compositionally graded SiGe buffer with the Ge concentration linearly graded from 0% to 50% followed by a 0.3 mm constant Si0.5Ge0.5 layer. The...

Stationary cracks along and near interfaces between two time-dependent materials are simulated using the finite element method (FEM) to examine crack tip fields and candidate driving force parameters for crack growth. Plane strain conditions are assumed. In some cases, a thin transition layer is included between the two materials. This transition layer features a functionally graded blend of pr...