BACKGROUND Esophageal motility has been described in the literature as having differences between men and women. Most of these investigations use the water perfusion method for esophageal manometry. In this investigation the esophageal motility of men and women was compared with high-resolution manometry of the esophagus. OBJECTIVE To compare the esophageal motility of men and women with the ...

After Zadeh pioneering’s paper [15], where the Theory of Fuzzy Sets was introduced, hundreds of examples have been supplied where the nature of uncertainty in the behavior of a given system possesses fuzzy rather than stochastic nature. Non-stationary fuzzy systems described by fuzzy processes look as their natural extension into the time domina. From different viewpoints they were carefully st...

Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), differences in the excitability changes of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) between isometric (force task) and isotonic (movement task) muscle contractions in a distal (first dorsal interosseous; FDI) and a proximal (middle deltoid; MD) muscle were studied. In the FDI muscle, the active threshold of MEP recruitment was significantly lower in the isot...

The main contribution in this paper is to introduce an idea of fuzzy cdistance in fuzzy cone metric space. A common fixed point theorem for contraction mapping is established in fuzzy cone metric space by using fuzzy c-distance. Lastly the theorem is justified by a suitable example.

In this paper, we shall establish some fixed point theorems for mappings with the contractive  condition of integrable type on complete intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces $(X, M,N,*,lozenge)$. We also use Lebesgue-integrable mapping to obtain new results. Akram, Zafar, and Siddiqui introduced the notion of $A$-contraction mapping on metric space. In this paper by using the main idea of the work...

A genuine fuzzy approach to fuzzy mathematics consists in constructing axiomatic theories over suitable systems of formal fuzzy logic. The features of formal fuzzy logics (esp. the invalidity of the law of contraction) entail certain differences in form between theories axiomatized in fuzzy logic and usual theories known from classical mathematics. This paper summarizes the most important diffe...

As other authors have been very interested in the topic of fixed points, we obtained some results this study that emphasize importance point theory. Kannan described a more general contraction than Banach took its name and later Reich generalized further metric spaces. In paper, introduced new contractions called type γ-contraction which are generalization for non-Archimedean fuzzy We presented...

The human Achilles tendon (AT) has often been considered to act as a single elastic structure in series with the muscles of the triceps surae. As such it has been commonly modelled as a Hookean spring of uniform stiffness. However, the free AT and the proximal AT have distinctly different structures that lend themselves to different elastic properties. This study aimed to use three-dimensional ...

CONTEXT There are reports showing that gender has an influence on swallowing and on the contractions of the distal esophageal body. OBJECTIVE In this investigation we studied the effect of gender on proximal esophageal contraction. METHODS We studied 20 men (22-68 years old, median 39 years) and 44 women (18-61 years old, median 41 years) without symptoms and without gastrointestinal or res...