Rabies virus (RV) vaccine strain-based vectors show great promise as vaccines against other viral diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and hepatitis C, but a low residual pathogenicity remains a concern for their use. Here we describe several highly attenuated second-generation RV-based vaccine vehicles expressing HIV-1 Gag. For this approach, we modified the p...

BackgroundMucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI) is an inherited multisystem lysosomal disorder due to arylsulfatase B (ARSB) deficiency that leads widespread accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAG), which are excreted in increased amounts urine. MPS characterized by progressive dysostosis multiplex, connective tissue and cardiac involvement, hepatosplenomegaly. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT...

The genomic retroviral RNA is the messenger for the translation of the gag and pol genes encoding the precursors to the major structural proteins and enzymes, respectively, of the virion core. The long 5' untranslated region, the leader, is formed of independent well-structured domains involved in key steps of the viral life cycle such as the initiation of proviral DNA synthesis, genomic RNA di...

objective(s): osteoarthritis (oa), as a known degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis. in this study, we aimed to elucidate unclear pathogenesis of oa. materials and methods: rabbit models of oa were established by the transection of the anterior cruciate ligament. rabbits were randomly divided into three equal groups: the experimental group (oa modeling, treated with e...

The level of synthesis and extracellular release of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag by insect cells was analyzed, using eight different recombinants of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus harboring various constructs of the gag gene, cloned under the polyhedrin promoter. The results obtained suggested that gag expression was mainly regulated at the transcriptional level an...

The Sanfilippo syndrome type B (mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB) is an autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in the gene encoding NAGLU (alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase), one of the enzymes required for the degradation of the GAG (glycosaminoglycan) heparan sulphate. No therapy exists for affected patients. We have shown previously the efficacy of lentiviral-NAGLU-mediated gene transfer in cor...

An avian leukosis virus-based packaging cell line was constructed from the genome of the Rous-associated virus type 1. The gag, pol, and env genes were separated on two different plasmids; the packaging signal and the 3' long terminal repeat were removed. On a plasmid expressing the gag and pol genes, the env gene was replaced by the hygromycin resistance gene. The phleomycin resistance gene wa...

The ts1 Moloney murine leukemia virus causes a degenerative neurologic disease in mice characterized by the development of noninflammatory spongiform encephalomyelopathy. To determine whether gag and pol gene products and viral replication are necessary for the ts1-env gene product to cause neurodegeneration, we generated transgenic mice harboring only ts1-env. Neuropathological lesions were ob...

HIV-1 and other primate lentiviruses assemble at the plasma membrane and are released by budding from the cell surface. Apart from offering a nonlytic pathway for virus egress, this mode of assembly leads to the acquisition of a host cell-derived lipid envelope that enwraps the nascent viral capsid and protects it from the environment. HIV-1 assembly is controlled primarily by the Gag protein, ...

Natural transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurs at mucosal surfaces. During acute infection, intestinal and other mucosae are preferential sites of virus replication and rapidly become depleted of CD4(+) T cells. Therefore, mucosal immunity may be critical to control both initial infection and the massive early spread of virus. An attenuated D-alanine-requiring strain of the o...