Four Aspergillus nidulans genes are known to be under the control of the trans-acting regulatory gene amdR. We describe the isolation and initial characterization of one of these amdR-regulated genes, lamA. The lam locus, however, was found to consist of two divergently transcribed genes, the lamA gene, and a new gene, also under amdR control, which we have designated lamB. Using recombinant DN...

The effects of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, their ionotropic agonists and antagonists on hydra's ectodermal and endodermal pacemaker systems were studied. GABA decreased ectodermal body contraction bursts (CBs) and the number of pulses in a burst (P/CB) and endodermal rhythmic potentials (RPs); tentacle pulses (TPs) were not affected. The GABA(A) agonist, muscimol, and the ben...

The role of gamma amino butyric acid A receptors/neurons of the hypothalamic, endocrine and alimentary systems in the food intake seen in hunger was studied in 20 h food-deprived rats. Food deprivation decreased blood glucose, serum insulin and produced hyperphagia. The hyperphagia was inhibited by subcutaneous or ventromedial hypothalamic administration of gamma amino butyric acid A antagonist...

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by excessive electrical discharge in brain, which causes seizures. The therapeutic strategy in countering epilepsy involves reducing neuronal excitability through different mechanistic pathway. Most therapeutics currently used in the treatment of epilepsy is either directed towards blocking voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels or potentiati...

Hiccups are involuntary spasmodic contractions of the diaphragm and inspiratory intercostal muscles followed by sudden closure of glottis which leads to halting the start of an inspiration. There are many factors which may cause hiccups. Although the exact pathophysiological processes involved have not yet been established, the neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin and gamma amino butyric acid ...

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino that widely present in organisms. In particular, lactic bacteria (LAB) stand out this regard. The biosynthesis of GABA microorganisms mainly regulated by pH, which usually has the most pronounced effect on fermentation process. Also, production, affects media composition, time, and temperature. important positive functions human health. it k...

In vitro effects of dihydroergotoxine, dihydroergosine, dihydroergotamine, alpha-dihydroergocriptine (ergot alkaloids), diazepam, methyl-beta-Carboline-3-carboxilate (beta-CCM), flumazenil (benzodiazepines), gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and thiopental (barbiturate) were studied on mouse brain (cerebrum minus cerebral cortex) benzodiazepine binding sites labeled with 3H-flunitrazepam. Specifi...

Retinal neurons were enzymatically and mechanically dissociated from adult skate retinas and maintained in cell culture for up to 14 days. Intracellular recordings were made from isolated horizontal and bipolar cells while neurotransmitters were applied via pressure ejection. L-Glutamate, quisqualate, kainate, and gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), when applied to horizontal cells, produced large...

Subplate neurons play an important role in early cortical development. To investigate whether these transient neurons receive synaptic inputs, we performed whole-cell recordings from visually identified and biocytin-labeled subplate cells in somatosensory cortical slices from postnatal day 0-3 rats. Subplate neurons had an average resting membrane potential of -55 mV and input resistance of app...

Gamma aminobutyrate (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid that is thought to play an important role in the modulation of the central response to stress. Mechanisms by which GABA may facilitate these responses to stress are metabolic and/or mechanical disruptions. Environmental stresses increase GABA accumulation through cytosolic acidification, induce an acidic pH-dependent activation of glutamate...