this paper consider the   general  forms of $(alpha,beta)$-fuzzyleft ideals (right ideals, bi-ideals, interior ideals) of an orderedsemigroup, where$alpha,betain{in_{gamma},q_{delta},in_{gamma}wedgeq_{delta}, in_{gamma}vee q_{delta}}$ and $alphaneqin_{gamma}wedge q_{delta}$. special attention is paid to$(in_{gamma},ivq)$-left ideals (right ideals, bi-ideals, interiorideals) and some related  pr...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity and $m$ an $r$-module. in this paper, we associate a graph to $m$, say ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$, such that when $m=r$, ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$ coincide with the zero-divisor graph of $r$. many well-known results by d.f. anderson and p.s. livingston have been generalized for ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$. we show that ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$ is connected with ${diam}({gamma}({}_...

a graph $gamma$ is said to be vertex-transitive or edge‎- ‎transitive‎ ‎if the automorphism group of $gamma$ acts transitively on $v(gamma)$ or $e(gamma)$‎, ‎respectively‎. ‎let $gamma=cay(g,s)$ be a cayley graph on $g$ relative to $s$‎. ‎then, $gamma$ is said to be normal edge-transitive‎, ‎if $n_{aut(gamma)}(g)$ acts transitively on edges‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎the eigenvalues of normal edge-tra...

let $gamma$ be a normal subgroup of the full automorphism group $aut(g)$ of a group $g$‎, ‎and assume that $inn(g)leq gamma$‎. ‎an endomorphism $sigma$ of $g$ is said to be {it $gamma$-central} if $sigma$ induces the the identity on the factor group $g/c_g(gamma)$‎. ‎clearly‎, ‎if $gamma=inn(g)$‎, ‎then a $gamma$-central endomorphism is a {it central} endomorphism‎. ‎in this article the conditi...

Hemirings [3] which provide a common generalization of rings and distributive lattices arise naturally in such diverse areas of mathematics as combinatorics, functional analysis, graph theory, automata theory, mathematical modelling and parallel computation systems etc.(for example, see [3], [4]). Hemirings have also been proved to be an important algebraic tool in theoretical computer science,...

A graph $Gamma$ is said to be vertex-transitive or edge‎- ‎transitive‎ ‎if the automorphism group of $Gamma$ acts transitively on $V(Gamma)$ or $E(Gamma)$‎, ‎respectively‎. ‎Let $Gamma=Cay(G,S)$ be a Cayley graph on $G$ relative to $S$‎. ‎Then, $Gamma$ is said to be normal edge-transitive‎, ‎if $N_{Aut(Gamma)}(G)$ acts transitively on edges‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎the eigenvalues of normal edge-tra...

let $r$ be an associative ring with identity and $z^*(r)$ be its set of non-zero zero divisors.  the zero-divisor graph of $r$, denoted by $gamma(r)$, is the graph whose vertices are the non-zero  zero-divisors of  $r$, and two distinct vertices $r$ and $s$ are adjacent if and only if $rs=0$ or $sr=0$.  in this paper, we bring some results about undirected zero-divisor graph of a monoid ring ov...

‎motivated by a celebrated theorem of schur‎, ‎we show that if~$gamma$ is a normal subgroup of the full automorphism group $aut(g)$ of a group $g$ such that $inn(g)$ is contained in $gamma$ and $aut(g)/gamma$ has no uncountable abelian subgroups of prime exponent‎, ‎then $[g,gamma]$ is finite‎, ‎provided that the subgroup consisting of all elements of $g$ fixed by $gamma$ has finite index‎. ‎so...

Let $Gamma$ be a group, $Gamma'$ a subgroup of $Gamma$ with finite index and $M$ be a $Gamma$-module. We show that $M$ is cotorsion if and only if it is cotorsion as a $Gamma'$-module. Using this result, we prove that the global cotorsion dimensions of rings $ZGamma$ and $ZGamma'$ are equal.

Positive, continuous, and right-skewed data are fit by a mixture of gamma inverse distributions. For 16 hierarchical models distributions, there only 8 them that have conjugate priors. We first discuss some common typical problems for the eight do not Then, we calculate Bayesian posterior densities marginal After that, relations among analytical densities. Furthermore, find random variables bet...