Since the discovery of the causal association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, efforts to develop an effective prophylactic vaccine to prevent high-risk HPV infections have been at the forefront of modern medical research. HPV causes 530,000 cervical cancer cases worldwide, which is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in women; a worldwide collaboration among ep...

BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus virus type 16 (HPV-16) and HPV-18 cause a large proportion of oropharyngeal cancers, which are increasing in incidence among males, and vaccine efficacy against oral HPV infections in men has not been previously evaluated. METHODS Sera and saliva collected in mouthwash and Merocel sponges at day 1 and month 7 were obtained from 150 men aged 27-45 years from Tam...

BACKGROUND Better delivery systems are needed for routinely used vaccines, to improve vaccine uptake. Many vaccines contain alum or alum based adjuvants. Here we investigate a novel dry-coated densely-packed micro-projection array skin patch (Nanopatch™) as an alternate delivery system to intramuscular injection for delivering an alum adjuvanted human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (Gardasil®) co...

Those rumors are true! In 2006, the Food and Drug Administration [2] (FDA) approved the first vaccine (Gardasil) that protects against certain strains of human papillomavirus (HPV). Over 100 strands of HPV have been identified, and at least 40 strands can affect the genitals. Two strains, HPV-6 and HPV-11, are responsible for approximately 90 percent of genital warts. Two other strains, HPV-16 ...

BACKGROUND Gardasil®, a quadrivalent vaccine targeting low-risk (6, 11) and high-risk (16, 18) human papillomaviruses (HPV), has been offered to 11-14 year-old schoolgirls in Switzerland since 2008. To evaluate its success and its potential impact on cervical cancer screening, HPV genotypes were examined in 18-year-old girls five years later (sub-study 1) and in outpatients participating to cer...

BACKGROUND It is unclear whether L1-VLP-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are efficacious in reducing the likelihood of anogenital pre-cancer in women with evidence of prior vaccine-type HPV exposure. This study aims to determine whether the combined results of the vaccine trials published to date provide evidence of efficacy compared with control (hepatitis A vaccine/placebo). METHOD...

Plantar warts (verruca plantaris) are benign epithelial tumors caused by HPV 1 (myrmecia) and 2, 27 or, 57 (mosaic). They may be difficult to treat with many failures or recurrences after multiple treatments, especially in immunosuppressed patients.

LEVEL: ADVANCED G ardasil (a registered trademark of Merck and Co., Inc., www. merck.com) is the first vaccine approved for women aged 9–26 years old in prevention of cervical cancer and genital warts as well as vulvar and vaginal precancerous legions. The vaccine contains noninfectious virus-like particles (VLPs) corresponding to HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18. It is produced by recombinantly exp...