The effects of exchange coupling on magnetic switching properties of all-garnet multilayer thin film structures are investigated. All-garnet structures are fabricated by sandwiching a magneto-soft material of composition type Bi1.8Lu1.2Fe3.6Al1.4O12 or Bi₃Fe₅O12:Dy₂O₃ in between two magneto-hard garnet material layers of composition type Bi₂Dy₁Fe₄Ga₁O12 or Bi₂Dy₁Fe₄Ga₁O12:Bi₂O₃. The fabricated ...

An integrated geochemical analysis of the wellexposed Pine Creek, California tungsten skarn deposit has been undertaken to evaluate changes in chemical gradients across various lithologies. Thermodynamic calculations using available experimental and thermodynamic data allow limits to be assigned to the activities of important chemical components in the metasomatic environment. Quantifiable chan...

Many geochemical models of major igneous differentiation events on the Earth, the Moon, and Mars invoke the presence of garnet or its high-pressure majoritic equivalent as a residual phase, based on its ability to fractionate critical trace element pairs (Lu/Hf, U/Th, heavy REE/light REE). As a result, quantitative descriptions of mid-ocean ridge and hot spot magmatism, and lunar, martian, and ...

The combination of yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe2(FeO4)3, YIG) and ferromagnetic materials or antiferromagnetic has attracted much attention because its potential in applications such as spin pumping. In this study, a high-temperature oxygen-poor environment was used to deposit CoOx top layer on YIG for the observation magnetic modulation. temperature- saturation-field-dependent bias shift hysteres...

We report on magnetization dynamics triggered in a Co/garnet heterostructure by femtosecond laser pulses. Although laser excitation of a bare Co-doped yttrium iron garnet leads to magnetization precession, the phase of which strongly depends on the linear polarization of the light pulses, the deposition of an ultrathin Co layer on a top of a garnet film results in substantial changes of the las...

Quartz inclusion thermobarometry utilizes the pressureand temperature-sensitive Raman peak shifts of quartz inclusions in garnet to determine formation pressure and temperature (PT) conditions. The measured Raman shift indicates the pressure currently retained in the inclusions at ambient external conditions, such that entrapment PT conditions (i.e., P and T of garnet growth) can be determined ...

Temperature estimates obtained with various biotite-garnet thermometers are inconsistent in granulite facies rocks. Although the inconsistency lies partly in the lack of definition of equilibrium criteria, it still remains after rigorous selection of analyzed mineral pairs (isolated biotite and garnet cores for peak equilibrium conditions) and originate from minor element effects in garnet and ...

Mineral compositions and reaction textures found in migmatitic gneisses from near Gilsum, New Hampshire, constrain both peak metamorphic pressure (P) and temperature (T) conditions and the PT path. Large K-feldspar porphyroblasts indicate isobaric heating of the samples at P < 4 kb (Spear et al. 1999), and relict cordierite + garnet assemblages record the occurrence of biotite vapor-absent melt...