iran's proved natural gas reserves are the world's second largest reserves. mainly, because of different climate changes and different reservoirs characterizations, studying the behavior of producing outcome fluids and their transportation, is of major interest. one of the main problems occur in the gas reservoirs is related to the hydrate formation while producing from a well, either in produc...

the commercial profile of the amoco cd mgcl2 supported polypropylene catalyst is presented. the development, the unique method of preparation/production, with emphasis on particle morphology, and the parameters affecting particle size (ps), particle size distribution (psd), and particle shape are discussed in detail. the outstanding performance of the catalyst, tailoredmade for the amoco-chisso...

background and objective: reduced fat cheese often exhibits poor sensory quality due to the reduction of fat, which plays a critical role in flavor and texture. therefore, there is the challenge to produce a reduced fat cheese with improved sensory attributes and texture that is also comparable to its full-fat counterpart. the main objective of this research was to investigate the effect of dif...

this study is concerned with the prediction of particles’ velocity in a dilute turbulent gas-solidboundary layer flow using a fully eulerian two-fluid model. the closures required for equationsdescribing the particulate phase are derived from the kinetic theory of granular flows. gas phaseturbulence is modeled by one-equation model and solid phase turbulence by mlh theory. resultsof one-way and...

Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) was used to study illuminated TiO2 surfaces under both vacuum conditions, and in the presence of organic molecules (decane and methanol). In the presence of hole scavengers, electrons are trapped at Ti(III)–OH sites, and free electrons are generated. These free electrons are seen to decay by exposure either to oxygen or to hea...

Sitafloxacin (STFX) hydrate, an antimicrobial agent, is photo-labile in aqueous solutions. The photodegradation rates (k) in neutral solutions were higher than those observed in acidic and alkaline solutions and maximum at the maximum absorption wavelength of STFX. The structures of photodegradation products were elucidated as 7-[7-amino-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-yl]-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-...

Temperature-dependent photodegradation during UV-resonance Raman spectroscopy was investigated. Photodegradation was quantitatively probed by monitoring the temporal evolution of UV-resonance Raman spectra obtained from bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) showing, resonance effect at a 355-nm excitation wavelength. At 80 K, the molecular photodecomposition rate was 5-times lower than that at room temper...

In this method for measuring nifedipine, a calcium-channel inhibitor now widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, the drug is extracted from plasma under basic conditions into toluene, and an aliquot of the extract is injected directly into a gas chromatograph equipped with an OV-101 column and an electron-capture detector. The standard curve is linear between 1 and 100 microgram...

Well-aligned and single-crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod arrays were grown on silicon (Si) substrate using a wet chemical route for the photodegradation of organic dyes. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction confirmed the formation of ZnO nanorods grown preferentially oriented in the (001) direct...

Binary and ternary hybrid systems of ZnO possessing nanoparticle and nanorod morphologies on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and rGO with Au nanoparticles are explored as photocatalysts and a comparative study of their photodegradation performance is presented. Various preparation methods such as solution phase and hydrothermal routes have been employed to produce rGO-ZnO hybrids and rGO-Au-ZnO hy...