The three main soil-transmitted helminth infections, ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm, are common clinical disorders in man. The gastrointestinal tract of a child living in poverty in a less developed country is likely to be parasitised with at least one, and in many cases all three soil-transmitted helminths, with resultant impairments in physical, intellectual, and cognitive development...

Coprological examination was used to determine the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites of stray dogs impounded by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), Durban and Coast, South Africa. Helminth and protozoan parasites were found in faeces of 240 dogs with an overall prevalence of 82.5% (helminth parasites 93.1% and protozoan parasites 6.9%). The followin...

Gastrointestinal (GI) helminths are common parasites of humans, wildlife, and livestock, causing chronic infections. In humans poor nutrition or limited resources can compromise an individual's immune response, predisposing them to higher helminth burdens. This relationship has been tested in laboratory models by investigating infection outcomes following reductions specific nutrients. However,...

BACKGROUND Helminth infections in small ruminants are serious problems in the developing world, particularly where nutrition and sanitation are poor. This study investigated the burden and risk factors of gastrointestinal nematode parasite infections in sheep and goats kept in smallholder mixed farms in the Kenyan Central Highlands. Three hundred and seven small ruminants were sampled from 66 s...

A total of 206 ducks were subjected to routine postmortem examinations from July 2007 to June 2008. Of the ducks examined, 167 (81.1 %) were infected by one/more species of gastro-intestinal helminths. A total of ten species of helminth parasites were recovered from gastrointestinal tract, of which four species were trematodes namely: Echinostoma revolutum, Notocotylus attenuatus, Hypoderaeum c...

Together, helminth parasites are the most important animal health constraint to global ruminant livestock production. Better control of gastrointestinal and lungworm nematodes (and liver flukes) in Irish and UK cattle is a priority to meet the need for food security through efficient livestock production. Persistent acting macrocyclic lactone anthelmintics are convenient to use and highly effec...

Invasive species negatively influence the biodiversity of the ecosystems they invade and may introduce pathogens to native species. Raccoon dogs have very successfully invaded Europe, including, recently, Denmark. This study included analyses of gastrointestinal helminths and Trichinella spp. from 99 raccoon dogs and 384 native red foxes collected from October 2009 to March 2012. The sedimentat...

T helper (Th) cells produce signature cytokine patterns, induced largely by intracellular versus extracellular pathogens that provide the cellular and molecular basis for counter regulatory expression of protective immunity during concurrent infections. The production of IL-12 and IFN-gamma, for example, resulting from exposure to many bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens is responsible fo...

One trematode, Echinostoma macrorchis, 2 cestodes, Hymenolepis diminuta and Choanotaenia spasskii and 5 nematodes, Parastrongyloides winchesi, Tricholinstowia talpae, Heterakis spumosa, Trichuris sp. and Capillaria soricis were obtained from 129 Mogera wogura, 233 M. kobeae and 28 M. tokudae, which were collected from almost all over Japan. All present cases were new host and locality records. ...

Gastrointestinal tracts and lungs of 140 moose (Alces alces) and 186 wapiti (Cervus elaphus) from Cypress Hills, Alberta, were examined for helminth parasites. Moose were infected with nine species of parasites, including six nematodes, two cestodes, and one trematode. Wapiti were infected with 10 species, including eight nematodes and two cestodes. Six of the total of 13 species found co-occur...