BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a cytokine that regulates bone resorption, has been implicated in the process of vascular calcification and stiffness. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Serum OPG was measured in 351 participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from one site of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study. Cortical bone mineral content (BMC) was m...

In the spinal cord injury (SCI) population, a relationship between adiposity and leg bone has not been reported, nor one between serum estradiol and leg bone mass. A cross-sectional, comparative study of 10 male pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for SCI was performed. Relationships were determined among bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), lean mass, fat mass, and serum s...

The aim of the study was to investigate factors relating to calcium and bone metabolism which might explain the low incidence of osteoporotic fracture among Africans. Adult bone mineral status, hip axis length and biochemical indices were investigated in 20 Caucasians (10 male, 10 female) and 19 Gambians (12 male, 7 female) living in the UK. Bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD...

BACKGROUND Short-term use of tenofovir (TDF) has been associated with bone mineral loss in adults and children. OBJECTIVE To assess whether the substitution of stavudine with TDF would result in decreased bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) accrual in HIV-infected children. METHODS The lumbar spine and whole-body BMC and BMD were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptio...

BACKGROUND Calcium supplementation of pregnant Gambian women with a low calcium intake results in lower maternal bone mineral content in the subsequent lactation. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate whether the lower bone mineral content persists long term. DESIGN All women in the calcium supplementation trial (International Trial Registry ISRCTN96502494) who had been scanned with du...

We evaluated areal bone mineral density (aBMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and markers of bone turnover in male competitive masters athletes representing different training profile in the past and at present, aged 40-64 (14 endurance runners, and 12 speed-power athletes), and non-sport controls (n = 13). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of total body and regional aBMD, BMC and sof...

The effect that growth has on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bone measurements is yet to be fully defined. The purpose of this study was to determine the best method for optimizing pediatric bone measurements using DXA. Height, weight, body mass index, skeletal age, and Tanner stage of sexual development were determined for 64 healthy boys and 60 healthy girls ages 6-17 yr. DXA of the l...

BACKGROUND The Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for measuring BMD and bone mineral content (BMC). In general, DXA is ideal for pediatric use. However, the development of specific standards for particular geographic regions limits its use and application for certain socio-cultural contexts. Additionally, the anthropometry may be a low cost and easy to use alternative m...

Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were made by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in 112 healthy 12-yr-old white girls for the purposes of: (1) establishing reference data on total-body mineral content of 12-yr-old girls and (2) comparing the lumbar spinal bone density values from a dedicated scan with the lumbar region of interest bone density values f...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the commencement and length of puberty influences dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) values of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in the axial and appendicular skeleton at skeletal maturity. STUDY DESIGN From the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study, we identified children who began puberty and completed sexual and skeletal development and...