Edge functions T1 and T2, which describe the polarization-dependent edge contribution to forward scattering by spheres, are derived from the exact Mie solution. All the relative refractive indices and the 64 < x < 2048 size parameter range are considered. The edge functions significantly improve the approximation methods that can be used to calculate forward-scattering patterns. For m close to ...

Using the principle of energy conservation and laws of geometrical optics, we derive the photon transport equation for turbid biological media with spatially varying isotropic refractive index. We show that when the refractive index is constant, our result reduces to the standard radiative transfer equation and when the medium is lossless and free of scattering to the well known geometrical opt...

From geometrical optics, the laws of reflection and refraction, ray tracing techniques, conservation of energy within a bundle of rays, and the condition of constant optical path length provide a foundation for design of laser beam shaping systems. Geometrical optics design methods are presented for shaping the irradiance profile of both rotationally and rectangular symmetric laser beams. Appli...

A propagation model is presented in this paper for predicting the field strength in microcellular environments. According to the Geometrical Theory of Diffraction, the total field at a given observation point is calculated by summing the Geometrical Optics contributions and the field diffracted by the edges of each structure. The diffraction contributions are here evaluated by means of a Unifor...

It is well known that the geometrical optics approximation, generally valid for high-frequency fields, fails in the vicinity of a caustic. A systematic procedure of V. P. Maslov that remedies this situation will be reviewed in this paper. Maslov's method makes use of a representation of the geometrical optics field in the phase space M = X x K, where a point m = (x, •c) is a pair of a position ...

The hybrid model of laser energy deposition is a combination of the geometrical-optics ray-tracing method with the one-dimensional (1D) solution of the Helmholtz wave equation in regions where the geometrical optics becomes inapplicable. We propose an improved version of this model, where a new physically consistent criterion for transition to the 1D wave optics is derived, and a special rescal...