The legacy of mining continues to affect stream water quality throughout the western United States. Traditional remediation, involving treatment of acid mine drainage from portals, is not feasible for the thousands of abandoned mines in the West as it is difficult and expensive. Thus, the development of new methods to address acid mine drainage is critical. The purpose of this study was two fol...

New demands on surface-water resources from an increasing world population and rising global living s tandards are requiring water managers to improve river flow measurements. Water managers are requiring flow instrumentation to measure those resources more accurately, in more detail and at lesser cost. Fortunately, new and emerging developments in flow instrumentation are significantly improvi...

[1] In this study we investigate an event-scale transit time distribution (TTD) for a catchment located in the Santa Catalina Mountains northeast of downtown Tucson, Arizona, USA, during a series of extreme rainfall events. Traditionally, TTD studies look at the long time response of a catchment to an input variation in tracer concentration. Few studies have determined the TTD at the scale of a...

In order to solve the long period of drying method in river sediment conditions, an image acquisition device which installed in the lead fish existing in Cableway river is designed. This new device sinks into the pre-set the vertical position, when the computer of bank workstation issuing control commands, the camera in lead fish started to sample recording in the water, and image transfer to t...