Thyroid hormones are essential for normal development and metabolism. Thyroid hormone biosynthesis requires iodide uptake into the thyrocytes and efflux into the follicular lumen, where it is organified on selected tyrosyls of thyroglobulin. Uptake of iodide into the thyrocytes is mediated by an intrinsic membrane glycoprotein, the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), which actively cotransports two ...

INTRODUCTION In interpreting thyroid hormones results it is preferable to think of interference and changes in concentration of their carrier proteins. OUTLINE OF CASES We present two patients with discrepancy between the results of thyroid function tests and clinical status. The first case presents a 62-year-old patient with a nodular goiter and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Thyroid function test s...

Fetal neck is the site of important pathological changes, related to genetic, cardiovascular, lymphatic, endocrine systems. Among the main neck pathology are fetal hygroma, goiter, teratoma/sarcoma, hemangioma/lymphangioma. Posterior anomalies of the fetal neural tube, such as occipital myelomeningocele or iniencephaly may also be included in this area. Fetal hygroma is the main pathology, prob...

A 44-year-old Caucasian male was transferred to our hospital for increased concentrations of thyroid hormones and constitutional symptoms, including fatigue and muscle tenderness of 6 weeks’ duration. Four weeks before admission, the patient’s primary care physician found a diffuse goiter and ordered thyroid hormone testing (Table 1). Two weeks later, the patient developed generalized muscle pa...

We assessed the iodine nutrition of upper socioeconomic strata school children from Delhi to identify its association with goiter, thyroid autoimmunity or thyroid function. After informed consent of parents, all assenting students (n=997) from one randomly selected section of each class from five private schools representing all the zones of Delhi) were evaluated for goiter, urinary iodine excr...

UNLABELLED Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy is established as a new standard for the treatment of various autoimmune inflammatory diseases. We report the first case showing subacute thyroiditis-like symptoms with an amyloid goiter after anti-TNF-α therapy. A 56-year-old man with Crohn's disease presented with fever and a diffuse, tender goiter. To control the diarrhea, anti-TNF therap...

background: some studies have shown the possible role of protein‑energy malnutrition (pem) in persistence of endemic goiter in iodine replenished areas. the present study was conducted to assess the association between pem and goiter in schoolchildren of isfahan, iran. methods: in a cross‑sectional study using multistage cluster random‑sampling, 2331 schoolchildren with age ranged from 6‑13 yea...

In health, an efficient negative feedback mechanism maintains serum thyroid hormone concentrations within an exquisitely controlled narrow range. Therefore any change that occurs to thyroid hormones in intrinsic thyroid disease is concordant and easy to interpret. Optimal functioning of the many tissues they influence is thereby facilitated.
The situation in acute illnesses is different. Mechan...

introduction although thyroid nodules are usually benign, malignancy must always be ruled out. many efforts have been made to find. malignant nodules and reduce the number of unnecessary operations. in this study, our aim was to examine, after the more extensive use of fine needle aspiration (fna), whether the incidence of cancer finding has been increased. materials and methods we studied retr...

We report a case of multinodular thyroid goiter in an 80-year-old man who successfully underwent tracheal stent placement for respiratory distress caused by the thyroid goiter and following two radiofrequency (RF) ablation sessions performed for thyroid volume reduction. This sequential treatment allowed elective stent removals four weeks after the second RF ablation session because the thyroid...