It has been shown that the gestagen component of oral contraceptives changes the composition of the cervical mucus so as to make sperm penetration difficult. Endometrial changes and changes in the normal patterns of tubal and uterine motility have been described. Ovulation is inhibited by inhibition of ovarian response to gonadotrophins or by inhibition of the formation and/or release of endo...

Many researchers have discussed fecundity on a per patient or per ovarian follicle basis. In contrast, this study was undertaken on a per ovary basis, and tests the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the fecundity of the bilateral ovaries in an individual patient and the incidence of apoptotic granulosa cells. The two ovaries of 10 women undergoing ovulation induction for in-vitro ...

Human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) encompass a group of rare neurodegenerative diseases. In April 2004, a group of international experts and regulators met in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to review the safety and to reach consensus on the use of urinary-derived gonadotrophins with respect to TSE. Iatrogenic transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) from pituitary-derived go...

Cortisol and cortisone concentrations in serum and follicular fluid (FF) from women undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment were monitored. Four groups were included: group 1, women in their natural menstrual cycle having an endogenous mid-cycle surge of gonadotrophins; group 2, women in their natural menstrual cycle receiving human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) for ovulation inductio...

BACKGROUND The study aim was to analyse the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing recombinant FSH and urinary-derived FSH gonadotrophins [hMG, urinary purified FSH (FSH-P) and highly purified FSH (FSH-HP)] in an IVF/ICSI programme. METHODS All published truly RCTs using a long protocol of GnRH agonists for down-regulation, were reviewed. Data of pregnancy rate per started c...

Great progress had been achieved during the last 20 years in the field of ovulation induction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clomiphene citrate remains the first line of treatment for all anovulatory women with PCOS, since in properly selected patients the cumulative pregnancy rate approaches that in normal women. Human urinary gonadotrophins have been used extensively for o...

Fully grown mammalian oocytes are arrested at the first meiotic prophase until a surge of gonadotrophin at the mid-cycle. The actions of gonadotrophins, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), on oocyte meiotic resumption are believed to be mediated in large part through increasing the production of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and subsequent activation of mitog...

Adult cycling female rats were hemispayed and administered with 7.5 mg phenobarbital/100 gm body weight for 15 days. 5IU FSH or FSH+LH per 100 gm body weight was administered from day 13 to 15 to the hemispayed phenobarbital treated rats. Phenobarbital inhibits the ovarian compensatory hypertrophy significantly and increases the cholesterol and lipid levels in the ovary. Administration of FSH a...