In this paper, Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is introduced and its advantages over ordinary steam injection is demonstrated. A simple simulation model is built and three scenarios of natural production, ordinary steam injection, and SAGD are compared in terms of their cumulative oil production and cumulative oil steam ratio. The results show that SAGD can significantly enhance oil prod...

We report foam coarsening studies which were performed in the International Space Station (ISS) to suppress drainage due gravity. Foams and bubbly liquids with controlled liquid fractions φ between...

The focus of this talk is on the use of airway clearance techniques to assist in the removal of secretions from the lungs with particular emphasizes on their use in the NICU and PICU setting. Until the early 1990’s the term, ‘‘Chest Physiotherapy’’ was synonymous with the terms, ‘‘airway clearance techniques, or postural drainage and percussion’’ with the latter being the traditional method of ...

OBJECTIVE To discuss the main steps of renographic technique and underline some pitfalls related to the acquisition, processing and interpretation of diuretic renography, an important method for guiding the management of asymptomatic congenital hydronephrosis. METHODS Despite guidelines and consensus protocols, renographic procedures differ among centres, causing difficulties in comparison an...

Assisted venous drainage is a recent development in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and was introduced to overcome limitations in achieving adequate blood flow through small diameter cannulas used in minimally invasive surgery. The more common application, vacuum assisted venous drainage (VAVD) is now widely used in both adult and pediatric CPB. During a clinical investigation into pharmacological...

Centrifugal pumps are considered to be less destructive to blood elements (1) when compared to roller pumps. However, their large prime volumes render them unsuitable as arterial pumps in heart lung machine (HLM) circuitry for children. In November of 2014, the circuit at Arnold Palmer Hospital, a Biomedicus BP-50 with kinetic assist venous drainage (KAVD) and 1/4″ tubing was converted to a rol...

When conventional gravity siphon venous drainage cannot achieve satisfactory venous drainage during minimally invasive cardiac and neonatal surgeries, assisted venous drainage techniques are needed to ensure adequate flow. One assisted venous drainage technique, vacuum-assisted venous drainage (VAVD), the aid of a vacuum in the venous reservoir, is now widely used to augment venous drainage dur...

The objective of this study was to examine the interaction of cardiopulmonary bypass venous air with assisted venous drainage, focusing on its production of gaseous microemboli in the arterial line. An in-vitro recirculating cardiopulmonary bypass circuit containing fresh whole bovine blood was monitored with a pulsed-doppler microbubble detector. Air of specific amounts was injected into the v...