INTRODUCTION Gradient echo (GRE) imaging has a wide range of clinically useful applications. In particular, GRE imaging is frequently used in the clinic for anatomical/structural imaging and imaging dynamics for diseases that span all organ systems and numerous pathologies. In general, an advantage of GRE imaging is the fact that it is regarded as “fast” owing to the generally short repetition ...

This article covers the general behaviour of a straight uniform pipe, with built-in open ends, subject to internal pressure and in plane bending or curvature. It is intended as a summary of the basic equations driving the unintuitive phenomena of bending and instability of pipes under internal pressure. The analysis covers in addition the investigation of opposite pressure stabilisation effects...

Glycyrrhizae radix has been popularly used as one of the oldest and most frequently employed botanicals in herbal medicine in Asian countries, and currently occupies an important place in food products. Cadmium (Cd) induces both apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death, in which alterations in cellular sulfhydryls participate. In the present study, we determined the effects of G. radix extract (G...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Detection of hemorrhage is important in the diagnosis and management of a variety of intracranial diseases. We evaluated the sensitivity of the following sequences for depicting chronic hemorrhagic foci associated with susceptibility dephasing: gradient-recalled echo (GRE) imaging, GRE-type single-shot echo-planar imaging (GRE-EPI), spin-echo-type single-shot echo-planar ...

Through the study of a linear problem, this paper introduces some of the ingredients that are needed in order to conduct efficient nonlinear calculations on composite pipes under thermomechanical loading in the presence of defects. Based on the observation that the main degradation scenarios take place at the extremity of a pipe, a refined model is used to describe this end zone while the rest ...

This paper presents a Conceptual Graph (cg) framework to the Generation of Referring Expressions (gre). Employing Conceptual Graphs as the underlying formalism allows a new rigorous, semantically rich, approach to gre: the intended referent is indenti ed by a combination of facts that can be deduced in its presence but not if it would be absent. Since cgs allow a substantial generalisation of t...

This paper presents a Prefix Tree (Trie) based model for Generation of Referring Expression (GRE). The existing algorithms in GRE lie in two extremities. Incremental algorithm is simple and speedy but less expressive in nature whereas others are complex and exhaustive but more expressive in nature. Our prefix tree based model not only incorporates all relevant features of GRE (like describing s...

PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the conspicuity of liver lesions in a fluoroscopic spoiled gradient echo (GRE) and a balanced steady-state free precession (SSFP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS In all, 103 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) (41) or liver metastases (67) were treated using MR-guided radiofrequency ablation in a wide-bore 1.5 T sc...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gradient recalled echo MRI (GRE) has been shown to be as accurate as CT for the detection of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, because of the differences in the signal parameter being detected, apparent hemorrhage size is expected to vary by imaging modality, with GRE providing larger volumes attributable to susceptibility effects. METHODS Image data from p...