a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Malmquist–Luenberger index Urban water utilities Greenhouse gas emissions Nonparametric productivity measurement The energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the provision of urban water and sewerage services have become an increasingly important issue in recent times. However, the impact of negative externalities such as greenhouse gas emissions on the product...

Agriculture, Forest and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector contributes about a quarter of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission [1] though its contribution is small in Japan [2]. In addition, technologies to reduce GHGs from agriculture sector are not expensive [3]. It is therefore worth reducing GHGs from this sector. It includes soil carbon (C) sequestration and mitigation of methane (CH4) and Nitr...

Abstract. In order to establish a creditable greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring network support the goals of carbon peak/neutrality, it is necessary know what we have done and do in future. this study, summarize an overview status perspective GHG China. With decades effort, China has made great breakthrough capacity steadily improved performance homemade instruments. However, most studies been res...

PREFACE The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated preparation of this Protocol as part of its commitment to assist the PFC Emissions Reduction/Climate Partnership for the Semiconductor Industry (the Partnership) to achieve its voluntary fluorinated greenhouse gas (F-GHG) emission reduction and reporting goals. F-GHGs include the most powerful and often persistent greenhouse gase...

Wheat-corn cropping system is one of the most important grain production systems in theworld. However, the integrative impacts of soil tillage on crop yield, N use efficiency (NUE)and greenhouse gases (GHGS) emissions are not well documented in this system. Thus, a twoyear field experiment was carried out in a typical wheat-corn cropping system with four tillageregimes during the wheat season, ...

Atmospheric measurements show that emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons are now the primary drivers of the positive growth in synthetic greenhouse gas (SGHG) radiative forcing. We infer recent SGHG emissions and examine the impact of future emissions scenarios, with a particular focus on proposals to reduce HFC use under the Montreal Protocol. If these proposals a...

Earth system climate sensitivity (ESS) is the long-term (>10³ year) response of global surface temperature to doubled CO₂ that integrates fast and slow climate feedbacks. ESS has energy policy implications because global temperatures are not expected to decline appreciably for at least 10³ year, even if anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions drop to zero. We report provisional ESS estimates of ...