Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry has been utilised to acquire high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with wide coverage, particularly for persistently cloud-covered regions where stereophotogrammetry is hard to apply. Since the discovery of sand buried drainage systems by the Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A) L-band mission in 1982, radar images have been exploite...

The objective of this study was to analyze the sensitivity of radar signals in the X-band in irrigated grassland conditions. The backscattered radar signals were analyzed according to soil moisture and vegetation parameters using linear regression models. A time series of radar (TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed) and optical (SPOT and LANDSAT) images was acquired at a high temporal frequency in 2013 ...

Direct intercomparisons between spaceand ground-based radar measurements can be a challenging task. Differences in viewing aspects between space and earth observations, propagation paths, frequencies, resolution volume size, and time synchronization mismatch between spaceand ground-based observations can contribute to direct point-by-point intercomparison errors. This problem is further complic...

Polarimetric radar measurements were conducted for bare soil surfaces under a variety of roughness and moisture conditions at 1.5, 4.75, and 9.5 GIIz at incidence angles ranging from 20" to 70". Using a laser profile meter and dielectric prohes, a complete and accurate set of ground truth data were collected for each snrface conditions, from which accurate measurement were made of the rms heigh...

Microwave L-band Doppler radar has been developed for pulmonic and cardiac activities investigation. Model of reflected signal spectra has been proposed, which is in qualitative agreement with both pulmonic and cardiac spectra. Distance sensitivity and penetration ability of the radar allows to quality it for typical indoor applications, as well as for life signal detection under avalanche.

The mission of a ground moving target indication (GMTI) radar, as its name implies, is to detect and classify ground-based vehicles, even ones with very low velocities. This type of radar can provide a wide area of coverage and frequent updates of a specific area of interest if the radar is placed on a satellite with a low earth orbit. However, because of the large footprint of the radar on the...

Classifying buried and obscured targets of interest from other natural and manmade clutter objects in the scene is an important problem for the U.S. Army. Targets of interest are often represented by signals captured using lowfrequency (UHF to L-band) ultra-wideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology. This technology has been used in various applications, including ground penetrati...

Whereas C-band SAR data mainly provides information on the upper layer of land covers, properties of the lower surfaces can be captured using L-band SAR because of its higher capability of penetration. Moreover, optical imagery illuminates different characteristics of ground surfaces compared to radar images since they are obtained at different frequencies of the electro-magnetic spectrum. Henc...

The generalized Hough transformmethod is applied to the measurement of the diameters of buried cylindrical pipes by Ground Penetration Radar (GPR). 600 MHz radar scans across long pipes, buried in one metre or so of soil, show complex reflection patterns consisting of a series of inverted hyperbolic arcs. The time of flight t(y) as the radar probe is scanned along an axis, y, perpendicular to t...

The aim of this paper is to describe how ground-based radar interferometry can provide displacement measurements of earth dam surfaces and of vibration frequencies of its main concrete infrastructures. In many cases, dams were built many decades ago and, at that time, were not equipped with in situ sensors embedded in the structure when they were built. Earth dams have scattering properties sim...