Agriculture on the American Great Plains has been constrained by historical water scarcity. After World War II, technological improvements made groundwater from the Ogallala aquifer available for irrigation. Comparing counties over the Ogallala with nearby similar counties, groundwater access increased irrigation intensity and initially reduced the impact of droughts. Over time, land-use adjust...

The exploration of unconventional shale energy reserves and the extensive use of hydraulic fracturing during well stimulation have raised concerns about the potential effects of unconventional oil and gas extraction (UOG) on the environment. Most accounts of groundwater contamination have focused primarily on the compositional analysis of dissolved gases to address whether UOG activities have h...

Leaching experiment was conducted to understand the mechanism of arsenic release from soil in the natural field conditions. Two types of column were run, one with de-ionized water (DW) and another with synthetic Bangladesh groundwater (GW) as influent which simulated rainfall and groundwater conditions, respectively. As the primary mechanism for the arsenic release from soil it was identified t...

A highly sensitive analytical procedure is described for determining thiodiglycol in groundwater. Samples are initially fortified with 3,3'-thiodipropanol (surrogate), then both species are extracted using sequential solid-phase extraction with both C18 and Ambersorb 572 columns. The C18 column, which removes extraneous groundwater components, is discarded; the Ambersorb 572 column is dried tho...

Quasi three-dimensional (quasi-3D)modelling plays a major role in analysis of groundwater flow in multiaquifer systems and it can be an efficient tool for artificial recharge modelling. As the role of artificial recharge in groundwater management continues to increase, analysis of responses to artificial recharge has a particular significance. This paper deals with some practical aspects of the...

We investigate the behavior of farmers who share an underground aquifer. In the case where seepage may occur the resource is nonexclusive, giving rise to a spatial externality whereby pumping by one user affects others nearby. Theoretically, these externalities are potentially important causes of welfare loss. Using a unique spatial data set of groundwater users in western Kansas, we are able t...

This study examines an approach for planning groundwater development in coastal aquifers. The seawater intrusion is controlled through a series of barrier extraction wells. The multi-objective management problem is cast as a nonlinear, nonconvex combinatorial model and is solved using a coupled simulation–optimization approach. A density-dependent groundwater flow and transport model, SEAWAT is...

1. Throughout arid regions of the world, groundwater is extracted for human population centres. In the Great Basin and Range region of the USA, we lack basic information regarding some plant communities detailing the extent to which vegetation is threatened by groundwater extraction. This is particularly true for alkali meadow vegetation, which is restricted to zones of shallow groundwater yet ...

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production and composition for Salmonella pullorum SA 1685 exposed to artificial groundwater (AGW) has been examined utilizing three EPS extraction methods: lyophilization, ethanol, and sonication. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the robustness of three EPS extraction methods and the sensitivity of each to subtle changes in solution ionic streng...