Enzymes are one of the most important biomolecules which has a wide range of applications in industrial as well as biomedical field. They are important due to their many useful properties. Their development, to a great extent, has been possible due to the availability of microbial sources. Microorganisms are of much attention because they can be produced economically and are amenable to genetic...

The values of goods and services provided by natural and constructed wetlands are examined through a meta-analysis of 418 observations of the economic value of 186 wetlands. Water quality improvement, non-consumptive recreation, and provision of natural habitat and biodiversity turn out to be highly valued services. Substitution effects are observed through the negative correlation between valu...

The history and origins of proficiency testing of clinical laboratories are reviewed. Since the introduction of proficiency testing in the late 1940s, dramatic improvement in laboratory performance has been demonstrated. Nonetheless, the poor performance found two decades earlier was summoned to support the passage of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1967 (CLIA '67).

The ecological function of animal seed dispersal depends on species interactions and can be affected by drivers such as the management interventions applied to protected areas. This study was conducted in two protected areas in the Monte Desert: a fenced reserve with grazing exclusion and absence of large native mammals (the Man and Biosphere Ñacuñán Reserve; FR) and an unfenced reserve with lo...

The Delaware River provides half of New York City’s drinking water, is a habitat for wild trout and American shad, and has suffered three major floods in the last five years. The water releases from three New York City dams on the Delaware River’s headwaters impact the reliability of the city’s water supply, the potential for floods, and the quality of the aquatic habitat. This project’s object...

This paper describes the methodological concept for application of physical habitat models to restoration planning at a whole river scale. The design proposed here builds upon the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology but is focused at the need for managing large-scale habitats and river systems. It modifies the data acquisition technique and analytical resolution of standard approaches, changi...

Forestry practices are placing ever increasing emphasis on sustainability and the maintenance of ecological processes, biodiversity, and endangered species or populations. Balancing timber harvest and the management of imperiled species presents a particularly difficult challenge during this shift, as we often know very little about these species’ natural history and how and why silviculture pr...