adducibility to cultural norms is created, when criminalization system and cultural norms are in opposite. according to this approach, when an act is criminalized and it is advised according to some special cultural norms, adducing of defendant to cultural norms in different steps of criminal process, creates a concept which is called adducibility to cultural norms. this research by using quali...

sea level variations in the persian gulf, the oman sea and the north of the arabian sea have been investigated. for this purpose, 365 daily satellite images provided by the topex/poseidon (t/p) and jason-1 satellites were processed. programming in matlab software environment was also carried out for some parts of image processing. the results of this research reveal that water level fluctuation...

OBJECTIVE To develop and assess the reliability and construct validity of a scale assessing disability involving the mouth in systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS We generated a 34-item provisional scale from mailed responses of patients (n = 74), expert consensus (n = 10) and literature analysis. A total of 71 other SSc patients were recruited. The test-retest reliability was assessed using the...

User frustrationn inn the use of informationn andd computing technology is a pervasive andd persistent problem.. Whenn computers crash,, networkk congestionn causes delays,, andd poor user interfaces trigger confusionn there are dramatic consequences for individuals,, organi zations,, andd society.. These frustrations not only cause personal dissatisfactionn andd loss of self-efficacy,, but may...

We address the development of a practical theory of semiotics within the context of the IEEE Standard Upper Ontology effort. The theory has the form of a set of predicates and other terms that are axiomatized in first order logic. We argue that this theory is su fficient for representing many of the subtleties of semantic representation that are likely to arise in the cont ext of interoperabili...

In classical planning, cost partitioning is a method for admissibly combining a set of heuristic estimators by distributing operator costs among the heuristics. An optimal cost partitioning is often prohibitively expensive to compute. Saturated cost partitioning is an alternative that is much faster to compute and has been shown to offer high-quality heuristic guidance on Cartesian abstractions...

•Generated a simple artificial cell model for membrane protein insertion•We identified protein-inherent control of translational targeting without chaperones•Ribosomes, artificially tethered to GUVs increased insertion The emergence lipid membranes and embedded proteins was essential the evolution cells. Translocon complexes mediate cotranslational recruitment nascent proteins, but they already...