introduction tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large amount of water which is generated by underwater earthquake, volcano, landslide or other disturbances below water. the makran subduction zone (msz) is one of the regions that have potential to generate tsunami which also has been occurred in 1985 and is capable of another one. in msz, the coasts of chabahar ba...

We present observations of galaxy environmental dependencies using data from the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey. From a combined analysis of the luminosity function, Butcher-Oemler effect and trends in Hα line strengths we find support for a model where galaxy properties are mainly set by initial conditions at the time of their formation.

Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) has been suggested as a therapeutic target for cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Until now, the molecular mechanism of BAY 60-2770, a sGC activator, in cardiac IR injury has not been assessed. To identify the cardioprotective effects of BAY 60-2770 in IR-injured rat hearts, IR injury was established by occlusion of LAD for 40 min and reperfusion for 7 day...

Systematic aerial line-transect surveys of beluga whales, Delphinapterus leucas, were conducted in James Bay, eastern Hudson Bay, and Ungava Bay from 14 August to 3 September 2001. An estimated 7901 (SE = 1744) and 1155 (SE = 507) belugas were present at the surface in the offshore areas of James Bay and Hudson Bay, respectively. An additional 39 animals were observed in estuaries during the co...

A nonlinear, 41⁄2-layer reduced-gravity ocean model with active thermodynamics and mixed layer physics is used to investigate the causes of sea level interannual variability in the Bay of Bengal, which may contribute to flooding and cholera outbreaks in Bangladesh. Forcing by NCEP–NCAR reanalysis fields from 1958 to 1998 yields realistic solutions in the Indian Ocean basin north of 298S. Contro...

Bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) populations existed in Chesapeake Bay until 1933, when they declined dramatically due to a loss of seagrass habitat. Since then, there have been no documented populations within the Bay. However, some anecdotal observations of live bay scallops within the lower Bay suggest that restoration of the bay scallop is feasible. We therefore tested whether translocate...

1 Summary Farmington Bay covers 94 mi 2 (260 km 2) in the SW corner of the Great Salt Lake, and is essentially a separate lake because it is enclosed by Antelope Island and a causeway leading to the island from the mainland. The bay has received wastes from the adjoining Salt Lake City metropolitan area for decades. Because of water quality concerns for Farmington Bay, the Aquatic Ecology Labor...

Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) proliferation and migration are key components in vessel remodeling. Cyclic nucleotide signaling is protective and has long-served as a therapeutic target against undesired VSM growth. The present work analyzed the effects of the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator 3-(4-amino-5-cyclopropylpyrimidine-2-yl)-1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine [BAY 41-...

The dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists, such as nifedipine, inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo, but the mechanism by which this occurs is uncertain. Bay K 8644 (BAY) is a substituted dihydropyridine that has effects on voltage-dependent calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle that are opposite the effects of nifedipine. To evaluate the mechanism responsible for dih...