Previous studies from our laboratory and others have implicated a critical role of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in opioid tolerance and dependence. Translational research targeting the CaMKII pathway is challenging, if not impossible, because of a lack of selective inhibitors. We discovered in a preliminary study that haloperidol, a butyrophenone antipsychotic drug, in...

Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) is a severe movement disorder of the orofacial region caused by the typical neuroleptic, haloperidol. It was reported that haloperidol-induced TD is mediated through oxidative stress mechanism which is triggered by calcium overload. Moreover, the disturbance of melatonin secretion due to pineal gland calcification is linked to the pathophysiology of TD. Therefore, the ai...

Effects of subchronic administration of haloperidol on the circling behavior induced by dopamine agonists were examined in rats treated with colchicine. Methamphetamine and apomorphine produced contralateral or ipsilateral rotation in colchicine-treated rats, and these circling behaviors were significantly increased by subchronic treatment with haloperidol. These results suggest that developmen...

INTRODUCTION Delirium has been recognised as an underdiagnosed and undermanaged syndrome with substantial prevalence rates and potentially deleterious consequences in the medically ill population. Despite its frequent administration in the management of delirium, the effectiveness of pipamperone has not yet been evaluated. METHODS In this retrospective, descriptive cohort study of 192 patient...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether haloperidol alone results in swifter and safer tranquillisation and sedation than haloperidol plus promethazine. DESIGN Pragmatic randomised open trial (January-July 2004). SETTING Psychiatric emergency room, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS 316 patients who needed urgent intramuscular sedation because of agitation, dangerous behaviour, or both. INTERV...

Acute blockade of dopamine D(2) receptors by the typical antipsychotic drug haloperidol leads to alterations in neuronal gene expression and behavior. In the dorsolateral striatum, the levels of mRNA for the immediate-early gene c-fos and the neuropeptide gene neurotensin/neuromedin N (NT/N) are significantly increased by haloperidol. An acute behavioral response to haloperidol is catalepsy, co...

Repeated treatment with the antipsychotic drug, haloperidol, leads to an increased behavioral sensitivity to dopamine agonists exhibited upon withdrawal from the drug. An increase in the particulate content of the endogenous Ca(2+)-binding protein, calmodulin, has been demonstrated after repeated treatment of rats with haloperidol. In this study, the anatomical specificity of the effect of repe...

PURPOSE Effects of haloperidol on K(+) currents (IKs) of rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were examined, with the hypothesis that its alteration of IKs explains alterations in the pattern electroretinogram (PERG). METHODS Fast blue was injected into superior colliculi of rats (3-8 days old) to identify RGCs under epifluorescence illumination after retrograde transport to retinas. Retinas wer...

Antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors such as ketamine, induce abnormalities in healthy subjects similar to those found in schizophrenia. However, recent evidence, suggests that most of the currently known NMDA antagonists have a broader receptor profile than originally thought. Besides exerting an antagonistic effect on NMDA receptors, they have agonistic effects on dopamine...

Chronic treatment of rats with haloperidol causes behavioral supersensitivity to dopaminergic agonists and an increase in the sensitivity of adenylate cyclase activity in the striatum to stimulation by dopamine. In this study the authors examined whether chronic treatment with haloperidol could elicit a change in sensitivity of adenylate cyclase in the striatum of the rat for guanyl nucleotides...