Purpose of review Alkaline phosphatase is an important component in hard tissue formation, highly expressed in mineralized tissue cells. It is appropriate to review the current status of this important enzyme. Recent findings The mechanism with which this enzyme carries out its function is not completely understood, but it appears to act both to increase the local concentration of inorganic pho...

introduction: the use of lasers for treatment has become a common phenomenon in the medical field. currently, numerous laser systems are available for dental use. the use of lasers for periodontal treatment becomes more complicated because the periodontium consists of both hard and soft tissues. methods: related articles were gathered and selected carefully and reviewed. among the many lasers a...

Introduction: Reconstruction of intraoral soft tissue defects is important in restoring function and esthetic. In large defects, there will be demand for regional pedicle flaps or free flaps. Hard palate separates nasal and oral cavities. Due to the small surface area between flap and remaining palate after surgical resections, optimal blood supply of the flaps for hard palate reconstructions ...

Scaffolds have been utilized in tissue regeneration to facilitate the formation and maturation of new tissues or organs where a balance between temporary mechanical support and mass transport (degradation and cell growth) is ideally achieved. Polymers have been widely chosen as tissue scaffolding material having a good combination of biodegradability, biocompatibility, and porous structure. Met...

Bioactive glasses (BG) are used clinically because they can both bond to hard tissue and release therapeutic ions that can stimulate nearby cells. Lithium has been shown to regulate the Wnt/β-catenin cell signalling pathway, which plays important roles in the formation and repair of bone and teeth. Lithium-releasing BG, therefore, have the potential to locally regulate hard tissue formation; ho...

Liquids equilibrated below an onset condition share similar inherent states, while those above that have states markedly differ. Although this type of materials memory was first reported in simulations over 20 years ago, its physical origin remains controversial. Its absence from mean-field descriptions, particular, has long cast doubt on thermodynamic relevance. Motivated by a recent theoretic...

The problem of engineering a biomimetic mineralized layer on the surface native dental tissue (bio-template) was considered in our work. formation biotemplate is achieved with use nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite (HAp), alkali, and complex polyfunctional organic polar amino acids. By applying set structural spectroscopic methods analysis we have confirmed HAp bio-tem...