STUDY DESIGN Biomechanical comparison of 5 atlantoaxial posterior arthrodesis techniques. OBJECTIVE To assess the relative value of different posterior wire constructs when one or two transarticular screws are used. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA A combination of Gallie or Brooks techniques and 2 posterior transarticular screws has been shown to be effective for atlantoaxial arthrodesis. Anatom...

the increasing demand for rice in ghana has been a major concern to the government and other stakeholders. recent concerns by the coalition for african rice development (card) to double rice production within ten years in sub-saharan countries have triggered the to implement strategies to boost rice production in the government. to fulfill this requirement, there is a need to monitor and foreca...

background: determining the temporal variation and forecasting the incidence of smear positive tuberculosis (tb) can play an important role in promoting the tb control program. its results may be used as a decision-supportive tool for planning and allocating resources. the present study forecasts the incidence of smear positive tb in iran. methods: this a longitudinal study using monthly tuberc...

The innovative HB protocol of Juels and Weis [10] extends device authentication to low-cost RFID tags. However, despite the very simple on-tag computation there remain some practical problems with HB and despite an elegant proof of security against some limited active attacks, there is a simple man-in-the-middle attack due to Gilbert et al. [8]. In this paper we consider improvements to HB in t...

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This paper consists in a preliminary study as part of PIDOP (Processes Influencing Democratic Ownership and Participation), project involving eight European countries (Portugal, Germany, Turkey, Czech Republic, Sweden, Italy, Belgium and United Kingdom). The main goal of the study is to provide an understanding of civic and political participation of young people in Portugal. The concept of “po...

In this paper, we propose an enhanced version of the HB-MP authentication protocol, called the HB-MP protocol. The HB-MP protocol is a lightweight authentication protocol that is suitable for use in passive radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. The HB-MP protocol overcomes the man-in-the-middle attack to which the basic HB-MP protocol is vulnerable while maintaining its suitability to ...

With increased use of passive RFID tags, the need for secure lightweight identification protocols arose. HB+ is one such protocol, which was proven secure in the detection-based model, but shown breakable by man-in-the-middle attacks. Trusted-HB is a variant of HB+, specifically designed to resist man-in-the-middle attacks. In this paper, we discuss several weaknesses of Trusted-HB, show that t...