In modern retail market environment, electronic commerce has rapidly gained a lot of attention and also provides instantaneous transactions. In electronic commerce, credit card has become the most important means of payment due to fast development in information technology around the world. As the usage of credit card increases in the last decade, rate of fraudulent practices is also increasing...

Electronic purse systems are more trusted than magnetic credit card payment systems. However, electronic purse technology is difficult and expensive to realize. Security is a major problem in payment systems, but offline electronic payments have security gaps. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) solutions, which are applicable with third parties included to the system, have some risks. Smart cards ...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate English, Afrikaans, and Xhosa mother-retained 'Road-to-Health Book' (RTH book) for children, and an electronic calculator. DESIGN Researchers D Harrison (DH) and H Harker (HH) informed clinic staff about the contents and significance of the RTH book. They requested nurses to use this book in conjunction with the Road-to-Health Card and to issue and explain its use to ev...

in order to reach the electronic health record's (ehr's) goals and also for the users to employ it with confidence, integrated standards in the field of structure, content, data exchange, information production, architecture and system security must be formulated. before establishment of ehr, we should accept current standards or change them due to meet the needs of society and/or patterns from...

Smart cards are an old breed of ubiquitous embedded-computing devices that are increasingly gaining popularity for electronic business transactions. When these smart cards are used over networks that can be covertly snooped, such as the Internet, there is a potential threat to the security of these transactions. In this report, I describe and analyze security models for smart cards that are use...

The gradual scientific enhancements have made the present day society highly technology dependent in nature. To attend this community, nowdays the state owned agencies are extensively using ICT based governance mechanism called Electronic Governance. This paradigm shift from conventional form of governance to electronic form of governance have helped the Government and its Citizenry to a great ...

Currently, Belgium is introducing an electronic version of its identity card. In this article, we shortly describe the card, and give a brief introduction to its cryptographic features. In particular, we focus on the Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI) associated with the card.

The application/directory MIME Content-Type defined in [MIME-DIR] is used for representing directory information in MIME format. It defines a general framework for carrying _type: value_ style information in the body of a MIME message, but does not define specific types or values. This document defines a profile containing the types and corresponding value formats for representing information a...

The application/directory MIME Content-Type defined in [MIME-DIR] is used for representing directory information in MIME format. It defines a general framework for carrying "type: value" style information in the body of a MIME message, but does not define specific types or values. This document defines a profile containing the types and corresponding value formats for representing information a...

The commentary by Paula Rochon and colleagues highlights the importance of information technology in drug safety. In recent years medication error has received considerable attention, because it causes substantial mortality and morbidity and leads to additional health care costs. This source of preventable harm to hospital patients represents an area where information technology will have a pos...