The control of heat exchange stations in district heating system is critical for the overall energy efficiency and can be very difficult due to high level of complexity. A conventional method is to control the equipment such that the temperature of hot water supply is maintained at a set-point that may be a fixed value or be compensated against the external temperature. This paper presents a no...

The use of a minimum quantity of lubrication (MQL) with extremely low consumption of lubricant in machining processes has been reported as a technologically and environmentally feasible alternative to conventional flood cooling. In hot machining, the external heat source is applied during machining that will assist to increase machining performance. Many external heating techniques are availabl...

The software application described in this work aims to help with one of the main issues in experimental physics, the automation of data acquisition and equipment control. This software application, designated as SCTE, was written in Perl and uses the SCPI language to communicate with test instruments. The communication goes through RS-232 port, also known as serial port, vastly available in cu...

Recently, power quality (PQ) has because a significant issue for both power supplies and customers. Researchers in all developed countries know that power quality is one of the factors of losses in the network. Increasing power electronic equipment changes current waveform in distribution networks and this can cause many problems in networks. Distortion of voltage waveforms results in the appea...

We investigate the existence of the principal-agent (PA) problem in non-government, non-mall commercial buildings in the U.S. in 2003. The analysis concentrates on space heating and cooling energy consumed by centrally installed equipment in order to verify whether a market failure caused by the PA problem might have prevented the installation of energy-efficient devices in nonowner-occupied bu...