background: the early stage of copper poisoning is difficult to be clinically diagnosed in sheep and has not been documented clearly yet. objectives: to assess biomarkers in predicting early copper poisoning in sheep, blood samples were collected from several groups of animals from a naturally copper poisoning occurrence in an industrial region. methods: animals were divided into four experimen...

aim : in this study, to clarify the smad4blocking impact on fibrosis process, we investigated its down-regulation by shrna on activated human lx-2 cell, in vitro.   background : liver fibrosis is a critical consequence of chronic damage to the liver that can progress toward advanced diseases, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc).  different smad proteins play as major mediators in...

hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection causes chronic hepatitis, which frequently leads to hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). alanine aminotransferase (alt) is a biomarker of hepatocyte injury and is associated with the progression of hepatic fibrosis. advanced hepatic fibrosis also predisposes hcv carriers to a risk of hcc. in contrast, some cases with persistent hcv infection hav...

introduction: hepatic hydatid cyst is caused by echinococcosis granulosis. it is a major health problem in endemic areas. the modern treatment of hydatid cysts of the liver varies from surgical intervention to percutaneous drainage or medical therapy. a high rate of complications following percutaneous drainage, and ineffectiveness of medical therapy have shown not to be the definitive treatmen...

Machine learning and computer vision techniques have grown rapidly in recent years due to their automation, suitability, ability generate astounding results. Hence, this paper, we survey the key studies that are published between 2014 2022, showcasing different machine algorithms researchers used segment liver, hepatic tumors, hepatic-vasculature structures. We divide surveyed based on tissue o...

hepatic calcification is usually associated with infectious, vascular, or neoplastic processes in the liver. we report the first case of beta-thalassemia major with isolated diffuse hepatic calcification in a 23 year old woman, who had been transfusion-dependent since the age of 6 months. she was referred to our center with a chief complaint of abdominal pain. computed tomography scan of the ab...

Objective- This survey was accomplished to describe the hepatic artery and portal vein indices in healthy domestic cats by color Doppler ultrasonography technique. Design- Retrospective experimental study. Animals- Twenty domestic short hair (DSH) cats (10 males and 10 females). Procedures- Doppler indices of ...

conclusions fap is an accurate, reliable, and noninvasive approach that can also be combined with other metabolic biomarkers to comprehensively detect and quantify hepatic steatosis. results the difference in fap was significant (p < 0.001) between chb-only patients and chb patients with hepatic steatosis. the cytokeratin 18 fragment (ck18-m65) level was significantly higher in chb patients wit...

objective: crocin, the carotenoid isolated from saffron, has numerous medicinal properties which include anticancer and antioxidant activities. some antioxidants, such as carotenoids, can act as pro-oxidants at higher dosages and therefore induce tissue damage. in this situation antioxidant defense systems in the liver activate to prevent tissue damage. this study investigates the possible toxi...

introduction: the wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disease in which the liver, central nervous system, eyes, blood and other parts of the body involved. timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of the disease requires awareness of the clinical presentations of this disease in children.methods: this case series study included 62 patients with wilson disease who admitted to children&apo...