1) Effects of cereal cyst (Heterodera) and rootlesion (Pratylenchus) nematodes on wheat are difficult to identify and control. Symptoms are non-specific and easily confused with stress from nutrient deficiency, drought, or disease. 2) Multiple species of Heterodera and Pratylenchus are capable of damaging wheat. Identification of species is difficult and procedures based on comparative morpholo...

Five viruses were previously discovered infecting soybean cyst nematodes (SCN; Heterodera glycines) from greenhouse cultures maintained in Illinois. In this study, the five viruses [ScNV, ScPV, ScRV, ScTV, and SbCNV-5] were detected within SCN greenhouse and field populations from North Carolina (NC) and Missouri (MO). The prevalence and titers of viruses in SCN from 43 greenhouse cultures and ...

Half-root tests were established to examine the association between Heterodera glycines and the blue strain of Fusarium solani, the causal agent of sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean. Two independent root systems were established for soybean 'Coker 156' and inoculated (half root/half root) with F. solani, H. glycines, both organisms on opposite root halves, both organisms on one root half, ...

Molecular characterization of the three most common cereal cyst nematode species of the Heterodera avenae group (H. avenae, H. filipjevi, and H. latipons), originating from various locations in major cereal-cultivating areas in Syria and Turkey, showed distinct restriction fragment patterns of the ITS-rDNA following PCR amplification and RFLP digestion with four endonucleases (Hae III, Hinf I, ...

ABSTRACT The agent of sterility mosaic, a disease that is a major constraint on pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) production in the Indian subcontinent, is transmitted by the eriophyid mite, Aceria cajani. This agent has remained elusive for decades despite intensive efforts but we report the isolation of highly flexuous filamentous virus-like particles (VLPs) of 3 to 10 nm in width and of undefined le...

Ethoprop, oxamyl, PP 156, fenamiphos, carbofuran , AC 64,475, Bunema M, CG 12223, aldicarb, aldicarbsulfoxide, and aldicarbsulfone were tested for their effects on hatching and emergence of larvae from cysts of Heterodera schachtii. The oxime carbamates and carbofuran inhibited hatching , but this response was reversed by removing the chemical treatment . Inhibition of hatching by Bunema M and ...

Heterodera pakistanensis n. sp., described and illustrated from roots of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) from Sukkur, Sind, Pakistan, belongs to the goettingiana group. It is most closely related to H. cyperi Golden, Rau &Cobb, 1962, H. raskii Basnet & Jayaprakash, 1984, and H. mothi Khan &Husain, 1965. Second-stage juveniles (J2) can be distinguished from H. cyperi J2 by an areolated lateral ...

Interrelationships of Meloidogyne hapla and Heterodera schachtii in combinations of several population levels and different inoculation periods were studied. Results indicated suppression of gall development of M. hapla in any treatment in which inoculations of H. schachtii preceded those of M. hapla by 10 days. This interrelationship was characterized by amensalism with M. hapla serving as an ...