Stored-product commodities are attacked by numerous insect species. The adulticidal effects of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) on grains remain uninvestigated. Thus, in the current study, seven doses EPNs Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) Steinernematidae), and feltiae (Filipjev) Steinernematidae) were inoculated wheat kerne...

The recent invasion of the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in northern Italy offered opportunity to explore entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) associated with soil hay meadows. A total 61 sites were considered for nematode sampling, and from 17 them (27.9%) EPNs isolated further characterized molecular morphological techniques as well laboratory bioassays. Two...

Photorhabdus temperata K122 is an entomopathogenic bacterium symbiotically associated with nematodes of the family Heterorhabditidae: Surface fimbriae are important for the colonization of many pathogenic bacteria, and here we report the nucleotide sequence and analysis of the expression of a 12-kbp fragment encoding the mannose-resistant fimbriae of P. temperata (mrf). The mrf gene cluster con...

Photorhabdus is an entomopathogenic bacterium symbiotically associated with nematodes of the family Heterorhabditidae. Bacterial hemolysins found in numerous pathogenic bacteria are often virulence factors. We describe here the nucleotide sequence and the molecular characterization of the Photorhabdus luminescens phlBA operon, a locus encoding a hemolysin which shows similarities to the Serrati...

Widespread planting of crops genetically engineered to produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) imposes selection on many key agricultural pests to evolve resistance to Bt. Fitness costs can slow the evolution of Bt resistance. We examined effects of entomopathogenic nematodes on Þtness costs of Bt resistance in the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saun...

Abstract Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) their symbiotic bacteria are pathogenic for a wide range of insect pests have been used successfully as biological control agent. Although EPNs well studied against many agricultural pests, the efficacy still remains unclear importance. In present study, virulence native EPN isolates cell-free superna...