urbanization, population growth and moving from traditional manufacturing industry to accelerate the process of economic development and parallel, significant environmental impacts are left. the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different variables such as trade openness, comparative advantage, production levels and other important variables affecting the emission of carbon ...

Individual level risk factors for violence have been widely studied, but little is known about country-level determinants, particularly in low and middle-income countries. We hypothesized that income inequality, through its detrimental effects on social cohesion, would be related to an increase in violence worldwide, and in low and middle-income countries in particular. We examined country-leve...

One of the major success stories of modern obstetrics in high-income countries in the last 5 decades is the reduction of stillbirths from rates as high as 50 per 1000 births to about 5 per 1000 births today. Fetal mortality associated with obstructed labour, asphyxia, hypertension, diabetes, Rh disease, placental abruption, post-term pregnancies and infections such as syphilis all have declined...

Thirty one per cent of all years lived with disability are due to mental illness. Mental health problems are important in every country, even those with high burdens of illness due to infectious diseases. Wealthy countries generally have more services to combat mental health problems than low income countries. In many low income countries there is typically one psychiatrist per population of 1 ...

Background A significant number of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related deaths occur in developing countries. An increasing prevalence of CVD is associated with a change in the macro-economy of these countries. In this post hoc analysis, CVD risk factor (CVDRF) prevalence is evaluated across countries based on national income in the Africa and Middle East Region (AfME). Methods Data from the ...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate the cause-specific patterns of unintentional injury mortality among 15-44-year-olds in various income-based country groups, and to analyze which specific causes contribute the most to the unintentional injury mortality in each country group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional data on the five most common causes of unintentional inj...

the twin deficits (budget deficit and current account deficit) have been argued in the economic literature since 1980s. this is a period in which the studies about budget deficit and the current account deficit were significantly increased in the united states. in the economic literature, there are two hypothesis: keynesian hypothesis and ricardian equivalence. the keynesian proposition confirm...

Incidence of stroke throughout the years A recent systematic review of 56 studies from all over the world show that the stroke incidence and early case fatality reported in these studies change over time. They indicate a fall in high-income countries by 42%, but an increase in low-middle income countries by as much as 100%.[2] This contrasting trend leads to the situation that the estimated ove...