PURPOSE Reducing ice friction was one of the motives for developing the klapskate. However, the magnitude of power dissipation that occurs with conventional skates when a skater plantar flexes his ankle and the tip of the blade is pressed into the ice has not been quantified previously. In this study, we examine how ice friction varies during a single stroke with conventional skates and estimat...

Balance flux and velocity calculations are important in understanding the large-scale dynamics of ice masses and their state of balance. However the grid-based (finite difference) nature of the current algorithms means that there is a variety of ways in which the balance flux and velocity can be calculated. The flux-routing algorithm, grid orientation and grid size all have an impact on the bal...

We used a terrestrial radar interferometer (TRI) at Helheim Glacier, Greenland, in August 2013, to study the effects of tidal forcing on the terminal zone of this tidewater glacier. During our study period, the glacier velocity was up to 25md. Our measurements show that the glacier moves out of phase with the semi-diurnal tides and the densely packed melange in the fjord. Here detrended glacier...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: shock temperature impact cratering melting water ice equation of state Melting of H 2 O ice during planetary impact events is a widespread phenomenon. On planetary surfaces, ice is often mixed with other materials; yet, at present, the partitioning of energy between the components of a shocked mixture is still an open question in the shock physics community. Know...

Recent studies indicate that the glaciers and ice caps in Queen Elizabeth Islands (QEI), Canada have experienced an increase in ice mass loss during the last two decades, but the contribution of ice dynamics to this loss is not well known. We present a comprehensive mapping of ice velocity using a suite of satellite data from year 1991 to 2015, combined with ice thickness data from NASA Operati...

This study examined the effect of cold treatment on the force-velocity relationship of the quadriceps muscle of 16 athletes. Each subject performed three maximal concentric and eccentric quadriceps contractions on the Kin-Corn at 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 2000s-1. On one of two testing sessions, subjects received a 20 min ice application prior to testing, and for the remaining session,...

[1] To understand the mechanics and thermodynamics of impacts on, and collisions between, icy planetary bodies, we measured the dynamic strength and shock states in H2O ice. Here, we expand upon previous analyses and present a complete description of the phases, temperature, entropy, and sound velocity along the ice shock Hugoniot. Derived from shock wave measurements centered at initial temper...