Hippocampal theta oscillations have been implicated in working memory and attentional process, which might be useful for the brain-machine interface (BMI). To further elucidate the properties of the hippocampal theta oscillations that can be used in BMI, we investigated hippocampal theta oscillations during a two-lever choice task. During the task body-restrained rats were trained with a food r...

The Mosquito is Glasflügel's entry into the 15-meter flapped sailplane racing category, and it is a sleek, modern, fiberglass sailplane that is both meticulously engineered and pleasing to the eye. Its well-known cousins are the AS-W 20, LS-3, and Mini-Nimbus. All four made their competition debuts during the 1977 summer season. Our Dallas Gliding Association testing has already been completed ...

The resistance to extinction of lever pressing maintained by timeout from avoidance was examined. Rats were trained under a concurrent schedule in which responses on one lever postponed shock on a free-operant avoidance (Sidman) schedule (response-shock interval = 30 s) and responses on another lever produced 2 min of signaled timeout from avoidance on a variable-ratio 15 schedule. Following ex...

The Stanmore hinged total knee replacement was introduced in 1969 for severe destructive arthropathy of the knee, and the results of one hundred consecutive operations are presented after an average interval of two and a half years. Insertion of the prosthesis relieved pain in 94 per cent, improved the range of movement in 67 per cent, invariably restored stability and corrected valgus or varus...

D ental articulation is the relationship of adjacent and opposing teeth during function, and its study demands a thorough knowledge of the roles of the various parts of the chewing apparatus and their integration into the chewing act. In order to understand how teeth articulate, it is important to know the mechanics of jaw movement in function. This articlc will discuss the mandible as a lever ...

The sensory properties of a reward-paired cue (a conditioned stimulus; CS) may impact the motivational value attributed to the cue, and in turn influence the form of the conditioned response (CR) that develops. A cue with multiple sensory qualities, such as a moving lever-CS, may activate numerous neural pathways that process auditory and visual information, resulting in CRs that vary both with...

Proper performance of acquired abilities can be disturbed by the unexpected occurrence of external changes. Rats trained with an operant conditioning task (to press a lever in order to obtain a food pellet) using a fixed-ratio (1:1) schedule were subsequently placed in a Skinner box in which the lever could be removed randomly. Field postsynaptic potentials (fPSPs) were chronically evoked in pe...

Different doses of intravenous cocaine reinforced the lever pressing of rhesus monkeys under two-lever concurrent or concurrent-chain schedules. Under the concurrent procedure, responding produced drug reinforcers arranged according to independent variable-interval 1-min schedules. Under the concurrent-chain procedure, responding in the variable-interval link led to one of two mutually exclusiv...

Timoshenko beam equations with external damping and internal damping terms and forcing terms are investigated, and boundary conditions (end conditions) to be considered are hinged ends (pinned ends), hinged-sliding ends, and sliding ends. Unboundedness of solutions of boundary value problems for Timoshenko beam equations is studied, and it is shown that the magnitude of the displacement of the ...