background: tamoxifen treatment induced cell death in the hippocampus formation of the prenatal and postnatal rat. the present study delineates the effect of tamoxifen on developing hippocampus in prenatal, postnatal and full term neonate rats received certain doses of the partial antagonist tamoxifen. methods: after perfusion and fixation, the brains were removed and processed for light and el...

background: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive loss of cognitive abilities and memory loss. the aim of this study was to compare neuropathological changes in hippocampus and brain cortex in a rat model of ad. methods: adult male albino wistar rats (weighing 250-300 g) were used for behavioral and histopathological studies. the rats were randomly assigned t...

The syngnathid fish group (seahorses, pipefishes and seadragons) is a fascinating lineage associated with an array of evolutionary peculiarities that include diverse morphologies their unique male pregnancy. These oddities also extend to immune systems, growing body research highlighting range intriguing immunological characteristics genomic rearrangements, which pose questions regarding histor...

Background: Sex steroids and their receptors exist in hippocampus and affect spatial learning and memory. This study was designed to measure testosterone level of CA1 and to assess the effect of spatial learning on its amount in left and right hippocampus of adult male rats. Methods: Sixteen rats were divided into two intact and castrated groups, and then trained in Morris water maze (MWM). An...

background and aims: this study examined sub-chronic effects of methamphetamine (meth) on the stereological parameters in the cornu ammonis (ca) of the hippocampus in adult mice. materials and methods: fifteen adult male mice, eight weeks old, were randomly divided into three groups: receive saline (controls), or low-dose (ld) 2.5 mg/kg meth, or high-dose (hd) 25 mg/kg meth, via daily intraperi...

context the current study aimed to review research articles concerning cortical representational plasticity following the manipulations of inputs. evidence acquisition this review article compromised previous studies in pubmed, google scholar and scientific information databases according to the keywords since 1988. results ca1 neurons depolarization paired with ca3 presynaptic input result in ...

the tenacity of a graph g, t(g), is de ned by t(g) = min{[|s|+τ(g-s)]/[ω(g-s)]}, where the minimum is taken over all vertex cutsets s of g. we de ne τ(g - s) to be the number of the vertices in the largest component of the graph g - s, and ω(g - s) be the number of components of g - s.in this paper a lower bound for the tenacity t(g) of a graph with genus γ(g) is obtained using the graph's...

objective(s):the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nano-silver and garlic administration during pregnancy on neuron apoptosis in rat offspring hippocampus. materials and methods: fifty pregnant wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: 1- nano- silver (n.s) group; 30 mg/kg of n.s treated via gavage. 2- control (c) group, administrated with distilled water via gavage....

objective it has previously been shown that prenatal maternal administration of boswellia serrata gum resin (frankincense) improved learning and memory performance associated with an increase in the size of neuronal bodies in ca3 (cornu ammonis) of hippocampus. continuing the previous work, a morphometric study was designed on ca3 field to examine precisely the effect of prenatal administration...