-The black crusts coating the surfaces of building materials located in urban (polluted) environments contain all kinds of organic compounds present in aerosols and particulate matter. Wet and dry deposition processes combined with gypsum crystal growth result in dirty, grey-to-black crust formation, in which aerosols, spores, pollen, dust and every class of particulate matter are entrapped in ...

Abstract The work concerns issues related to the diagnostics of moisture in historic buildings. Moisture content is one basic physical properties materials. Excessive and undesirable growth masonry causes considerable damage wall assemblies. It reduces load-bearing capacity structural elements, difficulties with heating contributes development mould fungi. article describes diagnostic procedure...