Background and aim: Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggresive malignancy which may occur in human T lymphotropic virus1(HTLV1) infected persons. HTLV1 is endemic in Khorasan with prevalence of 2.3% in general population. Since specific cutaneous manifestations of lymphoma may occur in a significant number of patients, we studied ATLL patients in Mashhad.Mate...

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Only a limited percentage of infected individuals develop disease in response to the virus while the majority remain asymptomatic and HAM/TSP is the most common clinical manifestation of the virus. HAM/TSP is an inflamma...

INTRODUCTION Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The major routes of HTLV-I transmission are mother-to-child, sexual contact, and blood transfusion. Mashhad is one of the main endemic areas in the world for HTLV-I, and minimizing the risk of HTLV-I transmission t...

Epidemiology The disease has a long latency, and affected individuals usually are exposed to the virus very early in life. The virus may be transmitted in breast milk, and through exposure to blood and blood products. The cumulative incidence of ATLL is estimated to be 2.5% among HTLV-1 carriers in Japan (1). Sporadic cases have been found in the United State and elsewhere. It occurs in adults ...

Diffuse normolipemic plane xanthoma is a rare disorder often seen as a para-neoplastic manifestation accompanied with gammopathies and hematologic disorders. In this report, a 44-year-old man is presented who was referred to us due to developing erythematous papules on the hands and yellow patches on different parts of the body. Based on cell blood count, peripheral blood smear and positive ant...

The first human tumor virus was discovered in the middle of the last century by Anthony Epstein, Bert Achong and Yvonne Barr in African pediatric patients with Burkitt's lymphoma. To date, seven viruses -EBV, KSHV, high-risk HPV, MCPV, HBV, HCV and HTLV1- have been consistently linked to different types of human cancer, and infections are estimated to account for up to 20% of all cancer cases w...

We have read with interest the case report of severe gastrointestinal histoplasmosis in a patient infected with Human T lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV1) by Canelo Aybar and colleagues [1]. In this case report, a possible link between these entities is suggested, but no conclusive evidence of a true association is provided. HTLV-1 causes clinical manifestations by three main mechanisms: autoimmune p...

HTLV-1 cellular transformation and disease induction is dependent on expression of the viral Tax oncoprotein. PDZ is a modular protein interaction domain used in organizing signaling complexes in eukaryotic cells through recognition of a specific binding motif in partner proteins. Tax-1, but not Tax-2, contains a PDZ-binding domain motif (PBM) that promotes the interaction with several cellular...