creativity or uncreativity of the rational soul is one of the oldest problem of philosophy. ibn sina by giving some proofs has proven the creativity of the rational soul. fakhr ad-din ar razi has propsed several critics to each of the avecina’s argument. in this article, we are going to prove that, the origin of razi’s critics is his misunderstanding in ibn sina’s philosophical views in potenti...

The “City of God” as the most prominent work of St. Augustine can be considered a good link between the Christian and Greek philosophical tradition.  He argues that the purpose of human Justice, surrendering to order, can be considered relatively a type of human justice.  St. Augustine, like many of the philosophers before him, stress that the ultimate goal of Peace for the human being is the u...

In Modality and Explanatory Reasoning, Boris Kment argues that a single notion of essence can be used to play two different theoretical roles. He thinks there is an important connection between essence and metaphysical necessity, on the one hand, and between essence and metaphysical explanation, on the other. It seems to me that there is a price to be paid for using a single notion of essence t...

We reduce JavaScript to a core calculus structured as a small-step operational semantics. We present several peculiarities of the language and show that our calculus models them. We explicate the desugaring process that turns JavaScript programs into ones in the core. We demonstrate faithfulness to JavaScript using real-world test suites. Finally, we illustrate utility by defining a security pr...

Recent discourse in the Design Science Research community addresses the necessity to accumulate and reuse design knowledge. However, design methods are complex and so are the traditional ways to document design knowledge. Inspired by the high business and academic impact of Business Model Canvas, we argue that a single-page portrayal of nine design elements can help designers to capture design ...

We state several ideas based on the view-point of particle behaviour of matter to explain wave character of photon and elementary particles. By using Newton’s suggestion of light ray, we clarify integrally the behaviour of light “wave”. And “wave” character of particles is also explained by the view-point of particle.

The Abstract State Machine Language, AsmL, is a novel executable specification language based on the theory of Abstract State Machines. AsmL is object-oriented, provides high-level mathematical data-structures, and is built around the notion of synchronous updates and finite choice. AsmL is fully integrated into the .NET framework and Microsoft development tools. In this paper, we explain the d...