Alum salts are commonly used as coagulants in the purification of surface water for potable supplies. The resultant waste alumina-rich sludge is currently landfilled UK. This study aimed to valorise by using heat-treated alum an additive cement. was calcined at 475–1100 °C and then characterized correlate physical mineralogical changes with cementitious activity engineering performance. 825 tra...

The very early hydration behavior of a hydraulic binder phase, ye’elimite, Ca4Al6O12SO4, in the absence and presence calcium sulfate, has been investigated. A time-resolved situ multinuclear magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic suite involving 1H 27Al MAS as well two-dimensional multiple quantum (MQMAS) experiments employed to detect transient species govern...

In this research, two series of ultra-low cement high alumina refractory castables containing 0 and 0.4 wt.% of nano-titania were prepared using different amounts of polycarbonic acid (DOLAPIX FF 26) as a dispersant. Several characteristics including microstructure, flowability, mechanical strength, bulk density and apparent porosity of the samples were analyzed. The results showed that the opt...

Several ppm level gold-catalyzed reactions enabled by the ligand HandaPhos can be performed at room temperature in aqueous nanoreactors composed of the surfactant Nok. Variously substituted allenes undergo cycloisomerization leading to heterocyclic products in good yields. Likewise, cyclodehydration is also illustrated under similar conditions, as is an intermolecular variant, hydration of term...

Hydration reactions of sodiated and potassiated nucleic acid bases (uracil, thymine, cytosine, and adenine) produced by electrospray have been studied in a gas phase using the pulsed ion-beam high-pressure mass spectrometer. The thermochemical properties, ΔH(o)(n), ΔS(o)(n), and ΔG(o)(n), for the hydrated systems were obtained from hydration equilibrium measurement. The structural aspects of th...

Several ppm level gold-catalyzed reactions enabled by the ligand HandaPhos can be performed at room temperature in aqueous nanoreactors composed of the surfactant Nok. Variously substituted allenes undergo cycloisomerization leading to heterocyclic products in good yields. Likewise, cyclodehydration is also illustrated under similar conditions, as is an intermolecular variant, hydration of term...

background: pancreatitis is a serious complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) and may cause significant morbidity and even death. there is no effective prophylactic intervention for patients with average risk yet. this study aims to investigate preventive effect of aggressive hydration for post-ercp pancreatitis. materials and methods: in a double-blind controlled ...

Hydration reactions of deprotonated nucleobases (uracil, thymine, 5-fluorouracil,2-thiouracil, cytosine, adenine, and hypoxanthine) produced by electrospray have been experimentally studied in the gas phase at 10 mbar using a pulsed ion-beam high-pressure mass spectrometer. The thermochemical data, ΔH (o) , ΔS (o) , and ΔG (o) , for the monohydrated systems were determined. The hydration enthal...

The efficient surface reaction and rapid ion diffusion of nanocrystalline metal oxides have prompted considerable research interest for the development of high functional materials. Herein, we present a novel low-temperature method to synthesize ultrasmall nanocrystalline spinel oxides by controlling the hydration of coexisting metal cations in an organic solvent. This method selectively led to...

The interactions between HCl and NH3 molecules adsorbed on amorphous solid water (ASW) have been investigated by temperature-programmed time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TP-TOF-SIMS). The NH4 þ ion is sputtered predominantly from codeposited HCl and NH3 molecules on ASW due to collision-induced proton transfer reactions. The NH4 þ yield is enhanced above 60 K as a consequence of t...