To compute dynamic characteristics of nonlinear viscoelastic springs with elastic structures having huge degree-of-freedom, Yamaguchi proposed a new fast numerical method using finite element method [1]-[2]. In this method, restoring forces of the springs are expressed using power series of their elongation. In the expression, nonlinear hysteresis damping is introduced. In this expression, nonl...

Skeletal muscles power body movement by converting free energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. During the landing phase of running or jumping some activated skeletal muscles are subjected to stretch. Upon stretch they absorb body energy quickly and effectively thus protecting joints and bones from impact damage. This is achieved because during lengthening, skeletal muscle bears higher f...

A mathematical analysis of the deformation of the foot is developed to determine the role that stretch of ligaments and tendons plays in absorbing shock following impact. Our analysis is based on an anatomical biomechanical model that includes each of the bones of the foot. We calculate the time course of the deflection of the joints and the elongation of the ligaments and tendons and determine...

Preliminary note Numerical simulation procedures for landing dynamics of large transport aircraft are briefly presented. Developed numerical procedures allow for determination of dynamic response of landing aircraft for different flight and touch-down parameters. A non-linear dynamic model of landing aircraft, which serves as a basis for computational procedures, is synthesised by modelling of ...

This paper presents a new kind of shock absorber, hydraulic electromagnetic energy-regenerative shock absorber (HESA), which can recover energy from vibration of vehicles. The road excitation frequency, load resistance and damping ratio are found to greatly affect the energy recovery of HESA. Based on a quarter-car model, the optimal load resistance and damping ratio for maximizing the energy-r...

OBJECTIVES Prolonged exposure to severe chipping hammer vibration may cause hand-arm vibration syndrome. A reliable test method is required to select appropriate tools and assist in the development of better chipping hammers. In the present study, the ISO standardized test method (ISO 8662-2, 1992) was examined through an investigation of the vibration characteristics of chipping hammers operat...

This paper considers the history of oscillating water column (OWC) systems from whistling buoys to grid-connected power generation systems. The power conversion from the wave resource through to electricity via pneumatic and shaft power is discussed in general terms and with specific reference to Voith Hydro Wavegen's land installed marine energy transformer (LIMPET) plant on the Scottish islan...

The automotive hydro-pneumatic integrated suspensionmodel is nonlinear with large dimensions. As a consequence, the nonlinear H 1 control methodology based on the traditional Hamilton-Jacoby-Isaacs equation is impractical in this application. An alternative so-called Parameterized Linear Matrix Inequality (PLMI) approach is proposed for solving this hard nonlinear H 1 control problem. The valid...